单孔机器人肾上腺切除术在减轻术后疼痛和增加伤口美观方面优于传统腹腔镜手术，但目前国内外缺乏统一的操作规范与适应证标准。本共识基于108篇中英文文献及全国40家三甲医院共45名高级职称泌尿外科专家的标准化问卷调研，围绕术前评估、手术入路、设备器械、关键步骤、并发症防治及术者培训形成系统性推荐。共识建议肿瘤最大径<5 cm为首选适应证；肿瘤大小，位置及患者肥胖是影响单孔手术难度的重要因素；经腹腔入路适用于肿瘤偏大或位置偏低者。共识进一步明确了单孔机器人手术的操作要点，并针对出血、脏器损伤、切口疝及肾上腺皮质功能不全等并发症提出分级管理策略，旨在统一诊疗流程、降低并发症发生风险，为该技术的规范化推广和后续高水平临床研究奠定基础。

Single-port robotic adrenalectomy offers advantages over conventional laparoscopic surgery in terms of reduced postoperative pain and superior cosmetic outcomes, however, there is currently no unified standard for surgical protocols or patient selection criteria either domestically or internationally. This consensus was based on a review of 108 Chinese and English publications and a standardized questionnaire survey involving 45 senior urology experts from 40 tertiary hospitals across China. It provides systematic recommendations covering preoperative evaluation, surgical approaches, equipment and instruments, key procedural steps, complication management, and surgeon training. The consensus recommends that a maximum tumor diameter of <5 cm as the primary indication. Tumor size, location, and patient obesity are important factors affecting the difficulty of single-port surgery, and the transperitoneal approach is preferable for relatively large or inferiorly located tumors. Key operative points for the single-port robotic adrenalectomy are specified. A graded management strategy is proposed for complications, including hemorrhage, visceral injury, incisional hernia, and adrenal insufficiency. This consensus aims to standardize clinical workflows, reduce complication risks, and lay a foundation for the broader adoption of this technique and for future high-quality clinical research.