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中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (03) : 259 -265. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2024.03.011

临床研究

复发性泌尿系结石成分变化及其影响因素分析
俞国杰1,(), 瓦热斯·先木西丁1, 米尔扎提·麦麦提2, 吴婷3, 张洁祥1   
  1. 1. 830056 新疆维吾尔自治区,乌鲁木齐市友谊医院泌尿外科
    2. 830011 乌鲁木齐,新疆奇沐医研究院(有限公司)
    3. 830011 乌鲁木齐,新疆医科大学第一附属医院泌尿外科
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-22 出版日期:2024-06-01
  • 通信作者: 俞国杰
  • 基金资助:
    新疆自治区卫健委青年医学科技人才专项基金(WJWY-201956)

Analysis of conversion in composition and influencing factors of recurrent urinary stone

Guojie Yu1,(), Xianmuxiding Waresi·1, Maimaiti Mierzhati·2, Ting Wu3, Jiexiang Zhang1   

  1. 1. Department of Urology, Urumqi Friendship Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830056, China
    2. Xinjiang Cimu Pharmaceutical Research Institute (Co., Ltd.), Urumqi 830011, China
    3. Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
  • Received:2023-08-22 Published:2024-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Guojie Yu
引用本文:

俞国杰, 瓦热斯·先木西丁, 米尔扎提·麦麦提, 吴婷, 张洁祥. 复发性泌尿系结石成分变化及其影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(03): 259-265.

Guojie Yu, Xianmuxiding Waresi·, Maimaiti Mierzhati·, Ting Wu, Jiexiang Zhang. Analysis of conversion in composition and influencing factors of recurrent urinary stone[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Endourology(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(03): 259-265.

目的

探讨复发性泌尿系结石成分的变化情况及其影响因素。

方法

回顾性分析2011年1月至2022年1月在乌鲁木齐市友谊医院就诊的115例复发性泌尿系结石患者的临床资料,根据复发结石患者结石成分是否改变进行分组(成分改变组和成分未改变组),统计每例患者结石复发后结石成分相互转变情况,通过单因素分析初步筛选可能影响结石成分改变的危险因素后进一步进行多因素Logistic回归分析。

结果

115例患者中有36例患者结石复发时发生了成分变化,总变化率为31.3%。各结石成分之间的变化中,草酸钙结石与感染性结石之间的相互转变情况最突出,其次为草酸钙结石与尿酸结石之间的相互转变。单因素分析结果显示,首次结石发病年龄、高草酸尿症、高脂血症、低枸橼酸尿症及初发结石类型为影响复发结石成分改变的因素。多因素Logistic回归分析发现首次发病年龄、低枸橼酸尿症及结石成分为影响复发性结石成分改变的独立危险因素,而高脂血症、高草酸尿症为保护因素。

结论

复发性泌尿系结石患者中约1/3发生结石成分改变,草酸钙结石与感染性结石、尿酸结石之间的相互转变最为常见。初发结石发病年龄早、合并有低枸橼酸尿症的患者更容易出现结石成分变化,而合并高脂血症、高草酸尿症的患者结石复发时成分改变情况较少。临床工作当中应重视对结石患者的代谢评估,对高危患者应定期进行全面的代谢评估并酌情调整结石预防方案。

Objective

To explore the changes in the composition of recurrent urinary tract stones and their influencing factors.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 115 patients with recurrent urinary tract stones who visited Friendship Hospital in Urumqi from January 2011 to January 2022. Patients with recurrent stones were divided into groups based on whether their stone composition had changed (group with changed composition and group without changed composition). The mutual transformation of stone components in each patient after stone recurrence was calculated.Univariate analysis was used to preliminarily screen for potential risk factors that may affect the change of stone components, then multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted.

Results

Among the 115 patients, 36 experienced compositional changes during stone recurrence, with a total change rate of 31.3%. Among the changes in the composition of various stones, the most prominent was the mutual transformation between calcium oxalate stones and infectious stones, followed by the mutual transformation between calcium oxalate stones and uric acid stones. The results of univariate analysis showed that the age of onset of the first stone ≤40 years old, hyperoxaluria, hyperlipidemia, hypocitruria, and the type of initial stone were the factors that affected the changes in the composition of recurrent stones. After multiple logistic regression analysis, it was found that the age of onset of stones ≤40 years old, the type of stones, and hypocitruria were independent risk factors affecting the changes in the composition of recurrent stones, while hyperlipidemia and hyperoxaluria were protective factors.

Conclusions

About one-third of patients with recurrent urinary tract stones experience changes in the composition of the stones, and the mutual transformation between calcium oxalate stones, infectious stones, and uric acid stones is the most common. Patients with early onset of stones are more likely to experience changes in the composition of stones when combined with hypocitriuria, while those with hyperlipidemia and hyperoxaluria have less changes in the composition of stones when they recur. In clinic, attention should be paid to the metabolic assessment of patients with stones, and comprehensive metabolic assessments should be conducted regularly for high-risk patients and appropriate stone prevention plans should be adjusted.

图1 115例复发性泌尿系结石患者初发与复发结石成分构成比
图2 115例复发性泌尿系结石患者不同结石成分间相互转变情况
表1 结石复发患者影响结石成分变化的单因素分析(一般因素)[例(%)]
项目 总数[115(100)] 成分未变[79(68.7)] 成分改变[36(31.3)] χ2 P
年龄(岁)       5.419 0.020
≤40岁 55(47.8) 32(40.5) 23(63.9)    
>40岁 60(52.2) 47(59.5) 13(36.1)    
性别       1.546 0.214
91(79.1) 60(75.9) 31(86.1)    
24(20.9) 19(24.1) 05(13.9)    
体质量指数(kg/m2       0.069 0.966
<23.9 26(22.6) 18(22.8) 08(22.2)    
23.9~27.9 75(65.2) 51(64.6) 24(66.7)    
>27.9 14(12.2) 010(12.6)0 04(11.1)    
复发次数(次)       0.316 0.574
1 109(94.8)0 76(96.2) 33(91.7)    
2 6(5.2) 03(3.8)0 03(8.3)0    
复发间隔时间(年)       1.948 0.163
<1或>5 46(40.0) 35(44.3) 11(30.6)    
1~5 71(60.0) 44(55.7) 25(69.4)    
结石部位       0.316 0.574
上尿路 109(94.8)0 76(96.2) 33(91.7)    
下尿路 6(5.2) 03(3.8)0 03(8.3)0    
合并症          
泌尿系梗阻/畸形 8(7.0) 05(6.3)0 03(8.3)0 <0.0010 >0.9990
糖尿病 14(12.2) 12(15.2) 02(5.6)0 1.340 0.247
高血压 14(12.2) 11(13.9) 3(8.3) 0.295 0.587
冠心病 9(7.8) 8(10.1) 1(2.8) 0.973 0.324
尿路感染 40(34.8) 29(36.7) 11(30.6) 0.413 0.521
尿量( ml/24 h)       - >0.9990
>2 500 1(0.9) 001(1.3)00 0(0.0)    
1 500~2 500 21(18.2) 14(17.7) 07(19.4)    
<1 500 93(80.9) 64(81.0) 29(80.6)    
表2 结石复发患者影响结石成分变化的单因素分析(代谢因素)[例(%)]
表3 复发性结石患者影响结石成分变化的多因素分析
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