切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (04) : 420 -425. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2026.04.008

临床研究

逆行输尿管支架置入术治疗恶性输尿管梗阻失败的危险因素分析
李佳胜1, 庄嘉1, 郑树兵1, 李晓彤1, 庄浩铨1, 钟锡盛1, 江文生1, 钟文文2,()   
  1. 1515300 广东,普宁市人民医院泌尿外科
    2510655 广州,中山大学附属第六医院泌尿外科
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-18 出版日期:2026-08-01
  • 通信作者: 钟文文
  • 基金资助:
    揭阳市卫生医疗科技创新项目(揭科字【2014】31号)

Analysis of risk factors of retrograde ureteral stenting failure in the treatment of malignant external ureteral obstruction

Jiasheng Li1, Jia Zhuang1, Shubing Zheng1, Xiaotong Li1, Haoquan Zhuang1, Xisheng Zhong1, Wensheng Jiang1, Wenwen Zhong2,()   

  1. 1Department of Urology, Puning People's Hospital, Guangdong 515300, China
    2Department of Urology, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong 510655, China
  • Received:2026-03-18 Published:2026-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Wenwen Zhong
引用本文:

李佳胜, 庄嘉, 郑树兵, 李晓彤, 庄浩铨, 钟锡盛, 江文生, 钟文文. 逆行输尿管支架置入术治疗恶性输尿管梗阻失败的危险因素分析[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 420-425.

Jiasheng Li, Jia Zhuang, Shubing Zheng, Xiaotong Li, Haoquan Zhuang, Xisheng Zhong, Wensheng Jiang, Wenwen Zhong. Analysis of risk factors of retrograde ureteral stenting failure in the treatment of malignant external ureteral obstruction[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Endourology(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(04): 420-425.

目的

探讨逆行输尿管支架置入术(RUS)治疗恶性输尿管梗阻(MEUO )失败的危险因素。

方法

回顾性收集中山大学附属第六医院2021年1月至2024年1月因非泌尿系恶性肿瘤压迫或侵犯引起输尿管梗阻并行输尿管支架置入术的患者的临床资料,根据支架置入成功与否进行分组,使用单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析,探究性别、年龄、BMI,是否为肾造瘘状态,原发肿瘤类别、性质、先前治疗史,术前血红蛋白、白蛋白、血清肌酐水平、肿瘤标志物水平、尿白细胞、尿隐血、尿培养,患侧输尿管(左侧、右侧、双侧),输尿管受累部位(腹段、盆段、壁间段、膀胱),肾积水程度,是否侵犯盆壁、腹壁,是否合并尿瘘、肠瘘等因素与置管失败的相关性。

结果

80例MEUO行RUS失败的26例(32.5%);单变量Logistic回归分析显示,RUS失败的危险因素分别为原发肿瘤同时侵犯膀胱、壁间段、盆段,合并有盆部放射性炎症,术前血白蛋白<35 g/L,术前尿白细胞为阳性(P均<0.05);多变量Logistic回归分析结果表明,原发肿瘤同时侵犯膀胱、壁间段、盆段(P=0.016,OR=3.818,95%CI:1.279~11.398);合并有盆部放射性炎症(P=0.044,OR=3.004,95%CI:1.030~8.760)将增加RUS失败的风险。

结论

原发肿瘤同时侵犯膀胱、壁间段、盆段,合并有盆部放射性炎症是预测MEUO行RUS失败的独立危险因素。

Objective

To investigate the risk factors for retrograde ureteral stenting failure in the treatment of malignant external ureteral obstruction.

Methods

The clinical data of patients with malignant ureteral obstruction caused by compression or invasion of non-urological cancers and who underwent retrograde ureteral stenting in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2021 to January 2024 were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether retrograde ureteral stenting failure. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the correlation between retrograde ureteral stenting failure and preoperative predictors such as age, BMI, and nephrostomy status, primary cancer type, nature, previous treatment history, preoperative hemoglobin value, albumin value, serum creatinine level, tumor marker level, urine leukocytes, urinary occult blood, urine culture, ureteral lateralization (left, right, bilateral), ureteral obstruction level (abdominal segment, pelvic segment, bladder wall segment, bladder invasion), grade of hydronephrosis, pelvic wall invasion, abdominal wall invasion, urinary fistula, intestinal fistula and so on.

Results

Among the 80 cases of MEUO that underwent RUS, 26 cases (32.5%) failed. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for RUS failure were the primary cancer simultaneously invading the bladder, bladder wall segment, and pelvic segment, the presence of pelvic radiation inflammation, preoperative serum albumin value of less than 35 g/L, and preoperative urine leukocyte positive (P<0.05). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that the primary cancer simultaneously invading the bladder, bladder wall segment, and pelvic segment (P=0.016, OR=3.818, 95%CI: 1.279-11.398), the presence of pelvic radiation inflammation (P=0.044, OR=3.004, 95%CI: 1.030-8.760) would increase the risk of RUS failure.

Conclusion

The primary cancer simultaneously invades the bladder, bladder wall segment, and pelvic segment, and the presence of pelvic radiation inflammation were independent risk factors for predicting the failure of RUS in patients with MEUO.

表1 恶性输尿管梗阻(MEUO)患者原发肿瘤侵犯输尿管部位的分布及例数
表2 单变量Logistic回归分析筛选MEUO患者RUS失败的危险因素
变量 β SE Wald P OR(95%CI
年龄(岁) 0.008 0.018 0.195 0.658 1.008(0.937~1.045)
BMI(kg/m2 0.062 0.073 0.708 0.400 1.064(0.921~1.228)
性别(男=0,女=1)女 0.172 0.488 0.123 0.725 1.187(0.456~3.090)
肾造瘘状态(否=0,是=1) 0.049 0.569 0.007 0.932 1.050(0.344~3.203)
原发肿瘤类别(其他=0,直肠=1,结肠=2,宫颈=3)          
直肠肿瘤 -0.288 0.743 0.150 0.698 0.750(0.175~3.215)
结肠肿瘤 -0.385 0.769 0.250 0.617 0.681(0.151~3.072)
宫颈肿瘤 0.272 0.827 0.108 0.742 1.312(0.259~6.643)
原发肿瘤性质(其他=0,腺癌=1,鳞癌=2)          
腺癌 0.259 1.187 0.048 0.827 1.295(0.127~13.265)
鳞癌 0.944 1.282 0.543 0.461 2.571(0.209~31.710)
低分化癌(否=0,是=1) 0.254 0.550 0.214 0.644 1.289(0.439~3.790)
肿瘤治疗史          
原发肿瘤是否手术切除(否=0,是=1) -0.700 0.617 1.288 0.256 0.496(0.148~1.664)
放疗(否=0,是=1) 0.801 0.497 2.599 0.107 2.229(0.841~5.904)
化疗(否=0,是=1) 0.095 0.655 0.021 0.884 1.100(0.305~3.970)
靶向治疗(否=0,是=1) -0.768 0.488 2.479 0.115 0.464(0.178~1.207)
免疫治疗(否=0,是=1) 0.847 0.684 1.534 0.216 2.333(0.610~8.919)
合并放射性炎(否=0,是=1) 1.053 0.521 4.082 0.043 2.867(1.032~7.963)
血红蛋白值(g/L) -0.003 0.011 0.052 0.819 0.997(0.975~1.020)
贫血程度(无=0,轻度=1,中度=2,重度=3)          
轻度 0.268 0.566 0.224 0.636 1.307(0.431~3.961)
中度 -0.118 0.628 0.035 0.851 0.889(0.260~3.044)
重度 0.105 1.289 0.007 0.935 1.111(0.089~13.894)
血清肌酐值(μmol/L) 0.005 0.003 2.902 0.088 1.005(0.999~1.012)
肾小球滤过率(ml/min ) -0.007 0.009 0.713 0.398 0.993(0.976~1.010)
CKD分期(1期=0,2期=1,3期=2,4~5期=3)          
2期 0.087 0.795 0.012 0.913 1.091(0.230~5.185)
3期 -0.223 0.718 0.097 0.756 0.800(0.196~3.265)
4~5期 0.182 0.801 0.052 0.820 1.200(0.250~5.768)
白蛋白值(g/L) -0.102 0.066 2.352 0.125 0.903(0.793~1.029)
白蛋白值<35 g/L(否=0,是=1) 1.110 0.497 4.984 0.026 3.033(1.145~8.036)
肿瘤标志物水平          
CEA值>5 ng/mL(否=0,是=1) 0.376 0.484 0.605 0.437 1.457(0.564~3.762)
CA199值>37 U/mL(否=0,是=1) -0.154 0.560 0.076 0.783 0.857(0.286~2.567)
尿白细胞(阴性=0,阳性=1) 1.011 0.497 4.142 0.042 2.747(1.038~7.272)
尿培养(阴性=0,阳性=1) 0.229 0.509 0.203 0.653 1.257(0.464~3.408)
患侧输尿管(左侧=0,右侧=1,双侧=2)          
右侧 0.010 0.672 0.000 0.988 1.010(0.270~3.773)
双侧 0.148 0.537 0.076 0.783 1.159(0.405~3.319)
输尿管受侵部位          
膀胱、壁间段、盆段(否=0,是=1) 1.299 0.539 5.803 0.016 3.667(1.274~10.553)
盆段(否=0,是=1) 0.983 0.571 2.969 0.085 2.673(0.874~8.177)
腹段(否=0,是=1) -1.232 0.805 2.340 0.126 0.292(0.060~1.414)
肾积水分级(1级=0,2级=1,3级=2,4级=3)          
2级 1.019 0.902 1.276 0.259 2.769(0.473~16.213)
3级 0.598 0.878 0.464 0.496 1.818(0.325~10.157)
4级 0.598 0.957 0.390 0.532 1.818(0.279~11.865)
肿瘤侵犯盆壁(否=0,是=1) 0.383 0.491 0.609 0.435 1.467(0.560~3.838)
肿瘤侵犯腹壁(否=0,是=1) -0.480 0.583 0.677 0.411 0.619(0.197~1.941)
合并膀胱瘘(否=0,是=1) 0.348 0.946 0.136 0.713 1.417(0.222~9.044)
合并肠瘘(否=0,是=1) 0.405 0.592 0.470 0.493 1.500(0.470~4.783)
表3 多变量Logistic回归逐步分析MEUO患者RUS术失败的独立危险因素
[1]
Chung SY, Stein RJ, Landsittel D, et al. 15-year experience with the management of extrinsic ureteral obstruction with indwelling ureteral stents[J]. J Urol, 2004, 172(2): 592-595. DOI: 10.1097/01.ju.0000130510.28768.f5.
[2]
Liatsikos EN, Karnabatidis D, Katsanos K, et al. Ureteral metal stents: 10-year experience with malignant ureteral obstruction treatment[J]. J Urol, 2009, 182(6): 2613-2617. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.08.040.
[3]
刘永达, 袁坚, 黄顺坛, 等. 恶性肿瘤继发双侧输尿管梗阻的腔内治疗[J]. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2007, 29(9): 717-719.
[4]
Fernbach SK, Maizels M, Conway JJ. Ultrasound grading of hydronephrosis: Introduction to the system used by the society for fetal urology[J]. Pediatr Radiol, 1993, 23(6): 478-480. DOI: 10.1007/bf02012459.
[5]
马波, 江春强, 钟文文, 等. Resonance金属输尿管双J管在恶性疾病相关性输尿管梗阻中的应用[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2018, 12(4): 248-253. DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2018.04.009.
[6]
张国庆, 邹忠林, 邓远忠. 两种术式在缓解恶性输尿管梗阻疗效中的对比研究[J]. 重庆医科大学学报, 2023, 48(8): 1017-1021. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003310.
[7]
杨春亭, 林佳钦, 高中山, 等. 单侧重度肾积水解除梗阻后肾功能恢复不佳的影响因素分析[J]. 新医学, 2024, 55(6): 443-448. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9802.2024.06.007.
[8]
Izumi K, Mizokami A, Maeda Y, et al. Current outcome of patients with ureteral stents for the management of malignant ureteral obstruction[J]. J Urol, 2011, 185(2): 556-561. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.09.102.
[9]
Wong LM, Cleeve LK, Milner AD, et al. Malignant ureteral obstruction: outcomes after intervention. have things changed?[J]. J Urol, 2007, 178(1): 178-183. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.03.026.
[10]
Donat SM, Russo P. Ureteral decompression in advanced nonurologic malignancies[J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 1996, 3(4): 393-399. DOI: 10.1007/BF02305670.
[11]
Ishioka J, Kageyama Y, Inoue M, et al. Prognostic model for predicting survival after palliative urinary diversion for ureteral obstruction: analysis of 140 cases[J]. J Urol, 2008, 180(2): 618-621. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.04.011.
[12]
Wilson JR, Urwin GH, Stower MJ. The role of percutaneous nephrostomy in malignant ureteric obstruction[J]. Ann R Coll Surg Engl, 2005, 87(1): 21-24. DOI: 10.1308/1478708051432.
[13]
Heo JE, Jeon DY, Lee J, et al. Prediction of stent failure for malignant ureteral obstruction in non-urological cancer[J]. Yonsei Med J, 2023, 64(11): 665-669. DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2023.0117.
[14]
Uthappa MC, Cowan NC. Retrograde or antegrade double-pigtail stent placement for malignant ureteric obstruction?[J]. Clin Radiol, 2005, 60(5): 608-612. DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2004.11.014.
[15]
杨庆亚, 姬俊杰, 孙玉鑫, 等. 逆行输尿管支架置入术治疗恶性肿瘤引起的输尿管外压性梗阻置管失败的影响因素[J]. 国际泌尿系统杂志, 2022, 42(2): 263-267. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn431460-20200624-00071.
[16]
Kim SH, Park B, Joo J, et al. Retrograde pyelography predicts retrograde ureteral stenting failure and reduces unnecessary stenting trials in patients with advanced non-urological malignant ureteral obstruction[J]. PLoS One, 2017, 12(9): e0184965. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184965.
[17]
Li CC, Li JR, Huang LH, et al. Metallic stent in the treatment of ureteral obstruction: experience of single institute[J]. J Chin Med Assoc, 2011, 74(10): 460-463. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2011.08.017.
[18]
Beller HL, Rapp DE, Zillioux J, et al. Urologic complications requiring intervention following high-dose pelvic radiation for cervical cancer[J]. Urology, 2021, 151: 107-112. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.09.011.
[1] 贾亚南, 尚迎晓, 甄江涛. 乳腺术后皮下高引流量淋巴漏1例[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 303-304.
[2] 韩昭, 张克俭, 聂阿娜, 赵建红, 李晓武, 陈晓丽, 胡玮, 张伟, 李杨, 杨雪. 3D腔镜甲状腺术中精细解剖喉返神经喉外多分支一例报道[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 305-306.
[3] 刘光年, 杨尹默. 数字智能化在胰腺癌微创外科应用的现状与展望[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 205-209.
[4] 李坚, 陈国胜, 赵丽, 范韶卿, 袁昊, 高文涛, 蒋奎荣, 吴俊立, 苗毅, 肖斌. 术前经内镜植入胆胰管支架在胰腺头颈部肿瘤局部切除中的应用[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 222-225.
[5] 王金, 赵一洁, 孙永杰, 尚培中, 谷化平, 李晓武, 贾国洪, 苗建军, 陈晓丽, 杨雪. PKM2与HSP90α在胆管癌中的表达及临床意义[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 239-243.
[6] 辛林璞, 杨敏, 杜峻峰. 腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术后常见并发症防治与管理[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 248-251.
[7] 赵军抗, 张前进, 庄惠杰. 腹腔镜直肠癌根治术保留左结肠动脉的疗效及对预后的影响[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 257-260.
[8] 魏利敏, 金鲜珍, 刘萍, 王光辉. 两种微创术式治疗低位直肠癌的学习曲线与近期疗效分析[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 261-266.
[9] 孔宪诚, 沙粒, 杜磊, 张浩. 逆蠕动与顺蠕动腔内回肠-结肠吻合术在TLRC中的临床对比研究[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 267-270.
[10] 何宇杭, 曹中伟. 中性粒细胞百分比-白蛋白比值与乳腺癌的关联性及预测效能研究[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 279-283.
[11] 田爱洁, 何晨熙, 孔凡庭. 乳腺癌新辅助化疗后乳腺钼靶微钙化术前评估的临床研究[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 284-288.
[12] 韩丽丽, 范慈勃, 陈纲. PALB2基因胚系突变与中国女性乳腺癌遗传风险及临床特征的关联研究[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 289-291.
[13] 王兰, 杨雪, 聂阿娜, 郭伟林, 谷坤熙, 赵建红, 翟佳琪, 张伟, 李杨, 陈晓丽, 尚培中. 胰腺头部巨大实性假乳头状瘤行门静脉保留型非整块胰头十二指肠切除一例[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 300-302.
[14] 李佳颖, 刘溪, 陈宇航, 桂程鹏, 习明, 陈炜, 罗俊航. 卷积神经网络在预测肾透明细胞癌全视野数字切片肿瘤坏死中的应用研究[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 389-398.
[15] 叶子兴, 李红运, 李英杰, 王娟, 孙玉姣, 王惠珍, 贺蕾, 吕建阳, 张洪波, 张彤彤, 陈雯雯, 杨晓宇, 申川, 纪志刚. 深度学习模型在膀胱镜下膀胱肿瘤分割中的应用[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 399-406.
阅读次数
全文


摘要


AI


AI小编
你好!我是《中华医学电子期刊资源库》AI小编,有什么可以帮您的吗?