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中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (02) : 127 -133. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2026.02.001

指南与共识

尿液菌群移植在部分女性泌尿系统疾病中的应用规范专家共识
泌尿功能障碍预防和治疗专家组   
  1. 214122 江苏无锡,江南大学附属中心医院泌尿外科
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-24 出版日期:2026-04-01
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82370777,82570904)

Expert consensus on the application standards of urine microbiome transplantation in partial female urological diseases

Expert Group on Prevention and Treatment of Urinary Dysfunction   

  • Received:2025-10-24 Published:2026-04-01
引用本文:

泌尿功能障碍预防和治疗专家组. 尿液菌群移植在部分女性泌尿系统疾病中的应用规范专家共识[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 127-133.

Expert Group on Prevention and Treatment of Urinary Dysfunction. Expert consensus on the application standards of urine microbiome transplantation in partial female urological diseases[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Endourology(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(02): 127-133.

传统"尿液无菌论"长期主导临床实践,但扩增定量尿培养(EQUC)与宏基因组测序技术已证实泌尿系统存在复杂且功能活跃的微生态,其失衡与多种疾病密切相关。尿液菌群移植(UMT)是一种创新性突破,即通过移植健康供体的尿液菌群,重塑患者尿液微生态平衡,为泌尿系统疾病提供了精准干预策略。UMT是一种安全且治疗潜力巨大的治疗手段,但是推广至大规模临床应用仍需谨慎,需要大样本临床研究来加速循证医学证据积累。本共识根据已有UMT病例信息进行归纳和总结,初步提出UMT在部分女性泌尿系统疾病中的应用规范,为后续临床研究提供参考。

The traditional dogma of "sterile urine" has long dominated clinical practice, expanded quantitative urine culture (EQUC) and metagenomic sequencing have revealed the presence of a complex and functionally active microbiome within the urinary tract. Imbalances in the urine microbiome are significantly associated with various diseases. Urine microbiome transplantation (UMT) represents a breakthrough innovation that restores urine microbiome balance in patients by transplanting bacteria from healthy donors, offering a precision interventional strategy for urinary tract diseases. As a therapeutic modality, UMT demonstrates promising safety and considerable therapeutic potential. However, its widespread clinical application warrants careful consideration and necessitates large-scale clinical trials to accelerate the accumulation of evidence-based medical data. Based on existing UMT case data, this consensus document synthesizes and summarizes current knowledge, preliminarily proposing the clinical application standards of urine microbiome transplantation in partial female urological diseases. Its aim is to provide reference for the design of future clinical trials.

表1 尿液菌群移植(UMT)供体的调查问卷
问题 不知道 补充说明
1.有肝炎、梅毒、HIV、血吸虫等传染病        
2.近6个月内发生急性肠炎、急性尿路感染等疾病        
3.近6个月内服用过抗生素        
4.近6个月内有输血/性生活/重大创伤等        
5.近6个月内到过传染病疫区        
6.近6个月内使用激素等免疫抑制剂        
7.近3个月内有便秘或/和腹胀,尿频尿急尿痛等不适症状        
8.近3个月内有过2次以上"感冒"        
9.近3个月内有过导泻、肠道灌洗等        
10.有慢性肠炎等慢性肠道疾病        
11.有恶性肿瘤病史        
12.有结核病、可疑结核病病史        
13.有反复过敏或者典型皮肤病        
14.有肝病、自身免疫性疾病、关节病        
15.有鼻炎、气管炎、哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病        
16.父母或家庭内胞兄妹有肿瘤病史        
17.父母或家庭内胞兄妹有糖尿病、高血压        
18.父母或家庭内胞兄妹有精神心理疾病        
19.父母或家庭内胞兄妹有其他遗传病        
20.平素排大小便规律、顺畅,大便成形        
21.医疗卫生工作人员        
22.饲养员(或者与动物接触的工作)        
23.肥胖或者超重        
24.接受过组织器官移植        
25.近6个月内存在文身、扎耳洞、针灸史        
26.近6个月内疫苗接种史        
27.近6个月内有过导尿史        
28.近6个月内有过膀胱镜、输尿管镜检查史        
29.平素月经规律,末次月经时间为?        
30.近6个月内有过妇科炎症等疾病        
31.近6个月内有过泌尿系统疾病(如结石、感染、占位、炎症等)        
32.有慢性肾病、糖尿病或其他代谢性疾病        
33.既往吸烟饮酒史        
34.既往过敏史        
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