本文总结了2024年欧洲泌尿外科学会（EAU）年会中关于前列腺癌研究的重要进展和未来趋势。研究指出，分子影像学技术如前列腺特异性膜抗原正电子发射断层扫描（PSMA-PET）在前列腺癌的诊断和分期中显示出高敏感性和特异性，尽管存在技术限制和对标准化的需求。生物标志物在早期诊断和治疗决策中的作用日益重要，液体活检方法表现出高敏感性和特异性。对于PSMA阳性M_1a患者的治疗策略，目前存在全身与局部治疗的争议，需要更多研究来明确最佳实践。局灶治疗作为一种减少副作用、提高生活质量的方法，适用于特定患者。营养支持对患者的整体健康和治疗反应至关重要。技术创新，包括远程监测、人工智能和电子患者报告结果（ePROMs）正在改变前列腺癌的诊断和治疗模式。未来研究将致力于优化治疗方案，创新局灶治疗技术，评估营养干预的长期效果，并进一步应用技术创新，以提高治疗效果和患者满意度。

This article summarizes the important advances and future trends in prostate cancer research presented at the 2024 European Urological Association (EAU) Annual Meeting. Studies have indicated that molecular imaging techniques such as prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer, despite existing technical limitations and the need for standardization. The role of biomarkers in early diagnosis and treatment decision-making is becoming increasingly important, with liquid biopsy methods showing high sensitivity and specificity. There is an ongoing debate regarding the treatment strategy for PSMA-positive M_1a patients, with a need for further research to clarify best practices. Focal therapy, as a method to reduce side effects and improve quality of life, is suitable for specific patients. Nutritional support is crucial for the overall health and treatment response of patients. Technological innovations, including remote monitoring, artificial intelligence (AI), and electronic patient-reported outcome measures (ePROMs), are changing the diagnostic and treatment paradigms for prostate cancer. Future research will focus on optimizing treatment plans, innovating focal therapy techniques, evaluating the long-term effects of nutritional interventions, and further applying technological innovations to improve treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction.