切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (04) : 426 -433. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2026.04.009

临床研究

俯卧位与侧卧位经腹膜外途径机器人辅助肾部分切除术治疗cT1期背侧肾门肿瘤的疗效对比
杨潇, 陈浩楠, 曹强, 于浩, 蔡令凯, 谈政烨, 李鹏超, 吕强()   
  1. 210029 江苏,南京医科大学第一附属医院(江苏省人民医院)泌尿外科
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-30 出版日期:2026-08-01
  • 通信作者: 吕强
  • 基金资助:
    四大慢病重大专项(2024ZD0525700); 江苏省人民医院临床能力提升工程(JSPH-MA-2022-5)

Comparison of efficacy between prone and lateral positions in retroperitoneal robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy for cT1 posterior renal hilar tumors

Xiao Yang, Haonan Chen, Qiang Cao, Hao Yu, Lingkai Cai, Zhengye Tan, Pengchao Li, Qiang Lv()   

  1. Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Province Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
  • Received:2025-09-30 Published:2026-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Qiang Lv
引用本文:

杨潇, 陈浩楠, 曹强, 于浩, 蔡令凯, 谈政烨, 李鹏超, 吕强. 俯卧位与侧卧位经腹膜外途径机器人辅助肾部分切除术治疗cT1期背侧肾门肿瘤的疗效对比[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 426-433.

Xiao Yang, Haonan Chen, Qiang Cao, Hao Yu, Lingkai Cai, Zhengye Tan, Pengchao Li, Qiang Lv. Comparison of efficacy between prone and lateral positions in retroperitoneal robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy for cT1 posterior renal hilar tumors[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Endourology(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(04): 426-433.

目的

探讨俯卧位与侧卧位经腹膜外途径机器人辅助肾部分切除术治疗cT1期背侧肾门肿瘤的安全性及有效性差异,并总结俯卧位术式的临床应用经验。

方法

回顾性分析2023年1月至2025年1月本团队收治的51例cT1背侧肾门部肿瘤患者的临床资料。均采用达芬奇手术机器人系统经腹膜外途径行肾部分切除手术。按手术体位分为俯卧位组和侧卧位组。俯卧位组28例,侧卧位组23例。两组患者在年龄、性别、患肾侧别、体质量指数(BMI)、美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级、年龄校正Charlson合并症指数(aCCI)、术前血红蛋白(Hb)、慢性肾脏病分期(CKD)、肿瘤直径、R.E.N.A.L.评分以及PADUA评分等术前基本资料方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。比较两组患者的术中、术后恢复及并发症发生情况。

结果

所有患者均顺利完成手术,无中转开放、二次手术或改根治性肾切除,所有病例切缘均为阴性。俯卧位组的装机时间[(14.1±3.1) vs (17.3±2.7) min,P<0.001]、手术时间[(58.2±21.0) vs (82.6±33.6) min,P=0.004]、肾动脉解剖时间[(6.2±3.0) vs (15.7±8.9) min,P<0.001]、热缺血时间[(25.9±8.8) vs (33.6±14.8) min,P=0.035]、缝合肾脏时间[(13.8±5.4) vs (20.1±10.2)min,P=0.011]、估算术中失血量[50.0(27.5,57.5)vs 100.0(50.0,200.0)mL,P=0.040]均优于侧卧位组。而术后30 d估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)变化值、术后6个月eGFR变化值、术后住院时间、术后30 d累积并发症发生率、"三连胜"达标率,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

针对cT1期背侧肾门肿瘤,俯卧位经腹膜外途径机器人辅助肾部分切除术治疗安全有效。与传统侧卧位经腹膜外途径相比,俯卧位经腹膜外途径有利于缩短装机时间、手术时间、肾动脉解剖时间、热缺血时间、缝合肾脏时间,并减少术中出血量,降低手术难度。

Objective

To investigate the safety and efficacy differences between prone and lateral positions for retroperitoneal robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (rRAPN) in the treatment of cT1 posterior renal hilar tumors, and to summarize the clinical experiences of prone position technique.

Methods

The clinical data of 51 patients with cT1 posterior renal hilar tumors between January 2023 and January 2025 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent rRAPN by Da Vinci robotic system. The patients were divided into two groups based on surgical position: the prone position group (n=28) and the lateral position group (n=23). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of preoperative baseline characteristics, including age, gender, affected kidney side, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (aCCI), preoperative hemoglobin (Hb), chronic kidney disease (CKD) staging, tumor diameter, R.E.N.A.L. score, and PADUA score (P>0.05). Perioperative outcomes and complications were compared between the two groups.

Results

All patients successfully completed surgery without conversion to open surgery, secondary procedures, or radical nephrectomy. Negative surgical margins were achieved in all cases. The prone position group had significantly shorter robotic docking time [(14.1±3.1) vs (17.3±2.7) min, P<0.001], operation time [(58.2±21.0) vs (82.6±33.6) min, P=0.004], renal artery dissection time [(6.2±3.0) vs (15.7±8.9) min, P<0.001], warm ischemia time [(25.9±8.8) vs (33.6±14.8) min, P=0.035], suturing time [(13.8±5.4) vs (20.1±10.2) min, P=0.011], and reduced estimated intraoperative blood loss [50.0 (27.5, 57.5) vs 100.0 (50.0, 200.0) mL, P=0.040] compared to the lateral position group. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of postoperative 30 d changes in eGFR, 6-month changes in eGFR, postoperative hospital stay, 30 dcomplication rate, or "trifecta" achievement rate (P>0.05).

Conclusion

rRAPN in the prone position for cT1 posterior renal hilar tumors is safe and effective. Compared with the traditional lateral position, the prone retroperitoneal approach is associated with shorter robotic docking time, operation time, renal artery dissection time, warm ischemia time, and suturing time, as well as alleviated intraoperative blood loss and surgical difficulty.

图1 cT1期背侧肾门肿瘤术前CT图像注:a为冠状位;b为矢状位;c为轴位;箭头示病灶
表1 两组cT1期背侧肾门肿瘤患者基线资料对比
图2 俯卧位经背腹膜外途径机器人辅助肾部分切除术治疗cT1期背侧肾门肿瘤患者体位和套管位置注:a为取俯卧折刀位,躯干与下肢成30°夹角,保持腹部前方空虚;b~c为套管定位及分布
图3 俯卧位经背腹膜外途径机器人辅助肾部分切除术治疗cT1期背侧肾门肿瘤主要步骤注:a为打开Gerota筋膜;b~c为沿腰大肌平面解剖并悬吊肾动脉;d~e为游离肾肿瘤并阻断肾动脉;f~g为切除肾肿瘤;h为双层缝合肾脏创面;i为开放肾动脉
表2 两组cT1期背侧肾门肿瘤患者的围术期结果比较
[1]
Stolzenburg JU, Kyriazis I, Liatsikos E. Re: comparison of perioperative outcomes between robotic and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Eur Urol, 2016, 69(6): 1159-1160. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.02.027.
[2]
Okhawere KE, Rich JM, Ucpinar B, et al. A comparison of outcomes between transperitoneal and retroperitoneal robotic assisted partial nephrectomy in patients with completely endophytic kidney tumors[J]. Urol Oncol, 2023, 41(2): 111.e1-111.e6. DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2022.11.023.
[3]
Abaza R, Gerhard RS, Martinez O. Feasibility of adopting retroperitoneal robotic partial nephrectomy after extensive transperitoneal experience[J]. World J Urol, 2020, 38(5): 1087-1092. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-019-02935-z.
[4]
Nadu A, Kleinmann N, Laufer M, et al. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for central tumors: analysis of perioperative outcomes and complications[J]. J Urol, 2009, 181(1): 42-47. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.09.014.
[5]
Kutikov A, Uzzo RG. The R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score: a comprehensive standardized system for quantitating renal tumor size, location and depth[J]. J Urol, 2009, 182(3): 844-853. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.05.035.
[6]
Remzi M, Klatte T, Waldert M. Words of wisdom. Re: Preoperative aspects and dimensions used for an anatomical (PADUA) classification of renal tumours in patients who are candidates for nephron-sparing surgery. Ficarra V, Novara G, Secco S, et al[J]. Eur Urol, 2010, 58(3): 462. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2010.06.015.
[7]
Hung AJ, Cai J, Simmons MN, et al. "Trifecta" in partial nephrectomy[J]. J Urol, 2013, 189(1): 36-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.09.042.
[8]
Alvim RG, Tin AL, Nogueira L, et al. Functional and oncological outcomes of renal surgery for hilar tumors: informing the decisions in risk-adapted management[J]. Urology, 2021, 157: 174-180. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2021.07.014.
[9]
Chen XB, Li YG, Wu T, et al. Perioperative, oncologic, and functional outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for special types of renal tumors (hilar, endophytic, or cystic): an evidence-based analysis of comparative outcomes[J]. Front Oncol, 2023, 13: 1178592. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1178592.
[10]
Eyraud R, Long JA, Snow-Lisy D, et al. Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for hilar tumors: perioperative outcomes[J]. Urology, 2013, 81(6): 1246-1251. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.10.072.
[11]
Li Y, Huang L, Liu W. Surgical strategy of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: It is more suitable to use transperitoneal approach in anterior tumor patients and retroperitoneal approach in posterior tumor patients[J]. Front Oncol, 2023, 13: 1115668. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1115668.
[12]
Yin X, Jiang S, Shao Z, et al. Kidney ventrally rotation technique in retroperitoneal robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for posterior hilar tumor: technical feasibility and preliminary results[J]. World J Surg Oncol, 2020, 18(1): 148. DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-01928-2.
[13]
Hua M, Liu W, Wang C, et al. Trans-retro-peritoneal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for posterior hilar tumor: technical feasibility and preliminary results[J]. Transl Androl Urol, 2023, 12(11): 1638-1644. DOI: 10.21037/tau-23-399.
[14]
Ma W, Mao Y, Dai J, et al. Propensity score matched analysis comparing robotic-assisted with laparoscopic posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy[J]. J Invest Surg, 2021, 34(11): 1248-1253. DOI: 10.1080/08941939.2020.1770377.
[15]
邓君鹏,阙宏亮,李权,等. 俯卧位经背侧腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术的有效性及安全性分析[J]. 中华泌尿外科杂志, 2022, 43(11): 825-829. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112330-20210325-00151.
[16]
陈浩楠, 杨潇, 柏荣杰, 等. 俯卧位机器人辅助腹腔镜腹膜后肿瘤切除术的可行性和安全性[J]. 中华泌尿外科杂志, 2024, 45(8): 577-581. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112330-20240402-00168.
[17]
Chen H, Cao Q, Yu H, et al. Prone retroperitoneal robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision in single position: techniques and outcomes[J]. J Robot Surg, 2025, 19(1): 150. DOI: 10.1007/s11701-025-02302-8.
[18]
Yang X, Yu H, Chen H, et al. Safety and feasibility of prone retroperitoneal robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (prRAPN): a novel posterior approach and perioperative results - a prospective study[J]. World J Urol, 2025, 43(1): 376. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-025-05745-8.
[19]
Davies B, Bassett JC, Jackman SV. Adult prone retroperitoneal partial nephrectomy: initial experience[J]. Urology, 2006, 67(6): 1285-1286. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2005.12.028.
[20]
Zhang Q, Shao X, Lu Y, et al. Prone versus lateral retroperitoneoscopic partial nephrectomy for posterior tumors in adults: technique and clinical outcomes[J]. Transl Androl Urol, 2025, 14(3): 567-577. DOI: 10.21037/tau-2024-735.
[21]
Abdel Raheem A, Alowidah I, Capitanio U, et al. Warm ischemia time length during on-clamp partial nephrectomy: does it really matter?[J]. Minerva Urol Nephrol, 2022, 74(2): 194-202. DOI: 10.23736/S2724-6051.21.04466-9.
[22]
Feliciano J, Stifelman M. Robotic retroperitoneal partial nephrectomy: a four-arm approach[J]. JSLS, 2012, 16(2): 208-211. DOI: 10.4293/108680812x13427982376149.
[23]
孙新星, 陈笑笑, 王莺, 等. 经腹膜后入路应用第四臂机器人辅助肾部分切除术的效果和安全性[J]. 中华泌尿外科杂志, 2021, 42(10): 725-729. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112330-20210410-00181.
[24]
Siev M, Motamedinia P, Leavitt D, et al. Does peak inspiratory pressure increase in the prone position? an analysis related to body mass index[J]. J Urol, 2015, 194(5): 1302-1306. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.05.015.
[25]
Rajaleelan W, Tuyishime E, Plitman E, et al. Emergency airway management in the prone position: an observational mannequin-based simulation study[J]. Adv Simul (Lond), 2024, 9(1): 14. DOI: 10.1186/s41077-024-00285-4.
[26]
Bates-Jensen BM, Crocker J, Nguyen V, et al. Decreasing intraoperative skin damage in prone-position surgeries[J]. Adv Skin Wound Care, 2024, 37(8): 413-421. DOI: 10.1097/ASW.0000000000000186.
[27]
Vrielink OM, Engelsman AF, Hemmer PHJ, et al. Multicentre study evaluating the surgical learning curve for posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy[J]. Br J Surg, 2018, 105(5): 544-551. DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10740.
[1] 杨春燕, 周晓苹. 机器人辅助技术在腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术中的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(05): 584-588.
[2] 吕定阳, 王玘葳, 双卫兵. 机器人辅助后腹腔镜肾部分切除术的技巧体会[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 383-388.
[3] 何子勤, 李俊涛, 张翼飞, 肖楚天, 赵阳杰, 钟文文, 叶雷, 邱剑光, 王德娟. 机器人辅助单孔腹腔镜肾盂成形术在小儿肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻中的应用[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 279-284.
[4] 江波, 邓永明, 杨荣, 张士伟, 郭宏骞. 机器人辅助膀胱根治性切除联合体内原位新膀胱术的学习曲线分析[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 267-272.
[5] 李子杰, 王尉, 胡正飞. 机器人辅助复杂肾部分切除术实用手术技术与展望[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(01): 22-33.
[6] 李赞林, 祖母乃提·玉山, 艾克拜尔·艾力, 克力木·阿不都热依木, 李义亮. 机器人3+1模式在食管裂孔疝修补术中的应用体会[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 272-276.
[7] 王宏, 董国强, 张兴洲, 刘韦鋆, 张楠. 机器人辅助对比腹腔镜下复杂腹壁疝手术短期疗效分析[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(01): 68-73.
[8] 马彬, 王启超, 王圣元, 赵虎林, 沈玥. 俯卧位通气管理在59例重症肺炎患者中的临床应用[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2025, 18(06): 1012-1014.
[9] 朱轩逸, 赵一腾, 刘连新, 朱泽斌, 张树庚. 腹腔镜肝移植混合手术的关键技术应用现状与进展[J/OL]. 中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 19(01): 56-59.
[10] 任常, 张俊吉, 谢津, 刘海元, 孙智晶, 孙大为. 国产单孔机器人手术联合加速康复治疗妇科良性疾病研究[J/OL]. 中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 19(01): 30-35.
[11] 孙海清, 郑桂彬, 刘新承, 沈树慧, 王晓杰, 郑海涛, 宋西成. 国产分体式Carina手术机器人甲状腺切除术的可行性和安全性[J/OL]. 中华腔镜外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 18(05): 293-300.
[12] 张轶普, 耿霄, 王鑫光, 董子漾, 郑宇航, 田华. 机器人辅助全膝关节置换术与单髁关节置换术的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华老年骨科与康复电子杂志, 2026, 12(02): 114-122.
[13] 席雅楠, 姚国栋, 郭秀珍, 高斌礼, 赵渊, 李婷, 钟李岩, 李梦倩. IDEAS模式对机器人辅助结直肠癌根治术患者康复结局的影响[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 285-291.
[14] 宁波, 张嗣坤, 高飞, 令狐恩强, 施瑞华. 消化内镜机器人辅助系统对ESD的影响:一项基于动物实验的Meta分析[J/OL]. 中华胃肠内镜电子杂志, 2026, 13(01): 34-44.
[15] 杨晓冬, 王子鸣, 赵德平, 朱余明. 单中心机器人辅助肺段切除术的安全性与可行性:一项回顾性分析[J/OL]. 中华胸部外科电子杂志, 2026, 13(02): 102-111.
阅读次数
全文


摘要


AI


AI小编
你好!我是《中华医学电子期刊资源库》AI小编,有什么可以帮您的吗?