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中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (03) : 267 -272. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2026.03.005

临床研究

机器人辅助膀胱根治性切除联合体内原位新膀胱术的学习曲线分析
江波, 邓永明, 杨荣, 张士伟(), 郭宏骞   
  1. 210008 江苏,南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院泌尿外科,南京大学泌尿外科学研究所
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-19 出版日期:2026-06-01
  • 通信作者: 张士伟
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(82473415)

Learning curve for robotic-assisted radical cystectomy and orthotopic neobladder

Bo Jiang, Yongming Deng, Rong Yang, Shiwei Zhang(), Hongqian Guo   

  1. Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210008, China
  • Received:2025-05-19 Published:2026-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Shiwei Zhang
引用本文:

江波, 邓永明, 杨荣, 张士伟, 郭宏骞. 机器人辅助膀胱根治性切除联合体内原位新膀胱术的学习曲线分析[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 267-272.

Bo Jiang, Yongming Deng, Rong Yang, Shiwei Zhang, Hongqian Guo. Learning curve for robotic-assisted radical cystectomy and orthotopic neobladder[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Endourology(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(03): 267-272.

目的

分析机器人辅助膀胱根治性切除联合体内原位新膀胱术(RARC/ONB)的学习曲线。

方法

回顾性分析2017年3月至2023年3月由固定医疗组连续收治的105例行RARC/ONB患者的临床资料。以手术时间为衡量指标采用累积和(CUSUM)分析RARC/ONB开展的学习曲线,利用学习曲线变化的拐点划分学习阶段,比较学习曲线各阶段的围手术期数据、新膀胱尿流动力学特征以及术后尿控的差异。

结果

105例手术均顺利完成,无中转开放病例。根据CUSUM分析,学习曲线可分为两个阶段:学习成长阶段59例,进阶掌握阶段46例。进阶掌握阶段中,患者术中失血量更少(P<0.001),输血比例更低(P=0.006),总手术时间、体内重建时间、术后通便时间、术后住院时间以及总住院时间均更短(P<0.001),术后90天内并发症发生率更低(P=0.039);两个阶段患者术后6个月新膀胱尿流动力学特征和尿控比例的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

RARC/ONB是一种安全有效可重复的术式,经CUSUM分析评估,大约需要59个病例可跨越前期学习成长阶段,可为专科医师培养和技术推广提供参考。

Objective

To investigate the surgical learning curve of robotic-assisted radical cystectomy and orthotopic neobladder (RARC/ONB).

Methods

The clinical data of 105 RARC/ONB patients consecutively performed by a fixed medical team from March 2017 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The learning curve of RARC/ONB was analyzed by the cumulative sum (CUSUM) with the operation time as the measurement indicator. The learning stages were divided according to the inflection points of the learning curve. The perioperative data, urodynamic characteristics of the neobladder, and postoperative urinary continence of each stage of the learning curve were compared.

Results

All 105 surgeries were successfully completed, with no cases converted to open surgery. According to CUSUM analysis, the learning curve can be divided into two stages: 59 cases in the learning and growth stage and 46 cases in the advanced mastery stage. In the advanced mastery stage, the patients had less intraoperative blood loss (P<0.001), a lower intraoperative blood transfusion rate (P=0.006), shorter total operation time, internal reconstruction time, postoperative intestinal defecation time, postoperative hospital stay, and the total hospital stay (P<0.001), and a lower incidence of complications within 90 days after surgery (P=0.039). There was no significant difference in the urodynamic data and urinary continence rate of the neobladder in the two stages 6 months after surgery (P>0.05).

Conclusion

RARC/ONB is a safe, effective and repeatable surgical procedure. According to CUSUM analysis, approximately 59 patients are needed to overcome the initial learning and growth stage, which can provide a reference for specialist training and technology promotion.

图1 105例机器人辅助膀胱癌根治术联合体内原位新膀胱术(RARC/ONB)手术时间分布
图2 CUSUM分析105例RARC/ONB术式的学习曲线
表1 RARC/ONB学习成长和进阶掌握阶段患者一般资料比较
表2 RARC/ONB手术学习成长和进阶掌握阶段两组患者围术期数据比较
表3 RARC/ONB学习成长和进阶掌握阶段两组患者尿流动力学数据比较
表4 RARC/ONB学习成长和进阶掌握阶段两组患者术后6个月尿控数据比较[例(%)]
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