To analyze the urinary bacterial spectrum and drug sensitivity test results of multidrug resistant bacterial infection in the urinary system during the perioperative period, aiming to guide clinical treatment.

The multidrug resistant bacterial spectrum and drug sensitivity test results of 154 patients with multidrug-resistant infection in the urine culture during the perioperative period in our hospital from January, 2013 to December, 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.

Among 154 cases, 148 patients were infected with Gram-negative bacteria (96.1%, 148/154) including positive ESBLs in 145 cases (97.97%, 145/148) and Escherichia coli in 127 patients (82.47%, 127/154), which included positive ESBLs in 125 cases (98.43%, 125/127). Six cases were infected with Gram-positive bacteria, including 4 cases of Enterococcus faecium and 2 cases of Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Multidrug-resistant bacteria were dominantly detected in urinary stones, accounting for 69.48% (107/154), followed by urinary obstruction (21.43%, 33/154). Regarding the population distribution, the middle-aged and elderly patients accounted for 80.52% (124/154) and 15.58% (24/154) for their young counterparts. Antibiotics with high resistance to Gram-negative bacteria included carboxybenzillin, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime and compound sulfamethoxazole, whereas those with high sensitivity consisted of imipenem, amikacin, piperacillin/tazobactam and nitrofurantoin. Antibiotics with high sensitivity to Gram-positive bacteria were imipenem and vancomycin, and those with high resistance included carboxybenzillin, ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, compound sulfamethoxazole and ceftazidime.

Gram-negative bacteria are the main cause of infection in patients with multidrug-resistant bacterial infection in the urinary tract during perioperative period, dominated by the Escherichia coli. The main cause of drug resistance is the generation of ESBLs. During empirical treatment, antibiotics sensitive to the ESBLs of Escherichia coli can be selected. The monitoring of antibiotic use should be strengthened.