To explore the clinical efficacy of transvaginal fractional CO₂ laser in the treatment of female with mild-to-moderate stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

A retrospective study of female patients with mild-to-moderate SUI admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2020. 41 cases received fractional CO₂ laser treatment once a month for 3 times (Group A). Meanwhile, 20 cases received biofeedback electrostimulation (Group B). Both groups were combined with pelvic floor muscle training. The clinical efficacy, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-short Form (ICI-Q-SF), Quality of Life Questionnaire (I-QOL) and Female Sexual Function Inventory (FSFI) scores were compared between the two groups after treatment.

After treatment, the total effective rate of Group A was 92.68%, which was higher than that in Group B (P<0.05); the scores of ICI-Q-SF, I-QOL and FSFI improved after treatment (P<0.01) in Group A; Compared with Group B, the I-QOL and FSFI in Group A increased significantly (P<0.05), and the ICI-Q-SF score was significantly reduced (P<0.01). Three patients reported vaginal burning sensation during treatment, which relieved after rest, five patients showed transient urgency of urination, and some patients recovered spontaneously after increased vaginal secretion. No other adverse events occurred during the study.

The fractional CO₂ laser was found to be effective for mild-to-moderate SUI, according to a variety of objective and subjective parameters, which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms, the sexual function and quality of life of patients.