To investigate the application value of the risk warning care model in preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing robotic-assisted urological surgery as a postoperative complication.

A retrospective study was conducted by collecting clinic data of 290 patients treated with robotic-assisted surgery in the Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, from July 2021 to April 2023, patients were grouped according to the mode of care they received in the perioperative period. Patients received the risk warning care model was the observation group, and received the conventional care model was the control group, with 142 cases in the observation group and 148 cases in the control group. Both groups were assessed for VTE risk according to the Caprini Risk Assessment Scale. The observation group aimed at the mechanism of VTE occurrence, based on the results of Caprini Risk Assessment Scale to classify the risk of patients and establish a diversified VTE risk warning nursing intervention strategy. Clinical indicators of the two care modes were collected, which included thrombus-related indicators (plasma D-D dimer, ultrasonography of the lower limbs), overall incidence of VTE, bedtime, hospital stay, patient satisfaction status, and incidence of VTE in upper versus lower urinary tract surgery.

The postoperative D-dimer levels in the observation group at 24 h (0.65 mg/L FEU) and on the third day (0.46 mg/L FEU) after surgery were significantly lower than the corresponding D-dimer levels in the control group (24 h: 0.90 mg/L FEU, the third day: 1.50 mg/L FEU) (P<0.05). Also postoperative lower limbs ultrasound results showed that the overall incidence of VTE was significantly lower in the observation group (4.2%) than in the control group (14.2%) (P=0.004). And the time in bed in the observation group [1(1, 1.5) d] was less than in the control group [2.5(2, 3) d] (P<0.001), and a shorter hospital stay in the observation group [7(5, 9) d] than in the control group [12(7, 14) d](P<0.001). In addition the overall patient satisfaction rate was higher in the observation group (95.8%) than in the control group (83.8%)(P<0.001). Comparison of different surgical anatomical locations between the two groups, the incidence of VTE was lower in the observation group for upper and lower urinary tract surgery at 2.4% and 6.9%, respectively, compared with 10.5% and 19.4% in the control group (P<0.05).

The establishment of a perioperative VTE risk warning care model can effectively prevent the occurrence of postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing robotic-assisted urologic surgery and improve the quality of specialty care, which has important clinical nursing value.