To construct an agarose ex vivo porcine kidney renal carcinoma model and validate its training effectiveness in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy simulation training.

Twenty-one urologists with different laparoscopic surgical experience participated in the training and were categorized into three groups based on their laparoscopic surgical experience: no experience group (group A, n=8), little experience group (group B, n=7), and experienced group (group C, n=6). A renal cancer model using an agarose mixture injected under the envelope of isolated porcine kidneys was constructed. The model was placed into a laparoscopic training simulator and all the trainees performed 6 training sessions. Each trainee's operative time, quality scores, and GOALS scores for each simulated operation were recorded, and the evaluation metrics were compared between the three groups to assess the effectiveness of the model.

During the first training, there were significant differences in the median operative time, median quality score, and median GOALS score between groups A, B, and C (P<0.05). The operative time of Group A and Group B reached the baseline level of Group C at the 4th and 5th training sessions, and the quality score reached the baseline level of Group C at the 2nd training session. The GOALS score reached the baseline level of Group C at the 5th and 4th training sessions, respectively (P>0.05). After 6 training sessions, the evaluation indicators of the three groups have improved to varying degrees.

This study constructed an agarose isolated porcine kidney training model for laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, which is economical and suitable for the training of surgeons with different surgical experiences. The model can improve surgical skills of surgeons and is easy to popularize and promote.