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Chinese Journal of Endourology(Electronic Edition) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (02): 127-133. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2026.02.001

• Guideline and Consensus •     Next Articles

Expert consensus on the application standards of urine microbiome transplantation in partial female urological diseases

Expert Group on Prevention and Treatment of Urinary Dysfunction   

  • Received:2025-10-24 Online:2026-04-01 Published:2026-04-02

Abstract:

The traditional dogma of "sterile urine" has long dominated clinical practice, expanded quantitative urine culture (EQUC) and metagenomic sequencing have revealed the presence of a complex and functionally active microbiome within the urinary tract. Imbalances in the urine microbiome are significantly associated with various diseases. Urine microbiome transplantation (UMT) represents a breakthrough innovation that restores urine microbiome balance in patients by transplanting bacteria from healthy donors, offering a precision interventional strategy for urinary tract diseases. As a therapeutic modality, UMT demonstrates promising safety and considerable therapeutic potential. However, its widespread clinical application warrants careful consideration and necessitates large-scale clinical trials to accelerate the accumulation of evidence-based medical data. Based on existing UMT case data, this consensus document synthesizes and summarizes current knowledge, preliminarily proposing the clinical application standards of urine microbiome transplantation in partial female urological diseases. Its aim is to provide reference for the design of future clinical trials.

Key words: Urine microbiome, Urine microbiome transplantation, Urinary tract infection, Interstitial cystitis, Standardization, Expert consensus

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