Multiparametric MRI features of cystitis glandularis: a radiologic-pathologic correlation study

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2026.05.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

This study aims to investigate the multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) manifestations of cystitis glandularis (CG), with the goal of improving the diagnostic accuracy of CG.

Methods

Patients with pathologically confirmed CG who underwent pelvic MRI between November 2011 and September 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. The mpMRI characteristics of CG were evaluated, and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured to assess the diffusion restriction within the lesions.

Results

40 patients aged (49.4±14.4) years, including 35 male and 5 females with CG were analyzed. Lesions were predominantly located in the trigone and/or bladder neck (90.0%). On T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), 32 lesions (80.0%) exhibited characteristic "floating water weeds sign" (a layered structure) and/or "bubble-like sign." Based on MRI morphology, CG was classified into four types, with nodular thickening type being the most common (60.0%). The majority of lesions (92.5%) exhibited marked enhancement, with 24 patients (60.0%) showing linear contrast enhancement on the lesion surface. Most lesions (90.0%) showed no or mild diffusion restriction with a mean ADC value of (1.67 ± 0.38) ×10^-3 mm²/s.

Conclusions

CG demonstrates several characteristic mpMRI features, particularly on T2WI, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), which are valuable for differential diagnosis.

Key words: Cystitis glandularis, Multiparametric MRI, Diffusion weighted imaging, Apparent diffusion coefficient

Bei Weng, Zhihua Wen, Yan Guo, Huanjun Wang, Qian Cai, Lingmin Kong, Jian Ling. Multiparametric MRI features of cystitis glandularis: a radiologic-pathologic correlation study[J]. Chinese Journal of Endourology(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(05): 542-548.

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References 25

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参数	GE Healthcare			Siemens Healthcare
参数	DWI	T2WI	DCE	DWI	T2WI	DCE
成像技术	SS-EPI	PROPELLER	LAVA-Flex	SS-EPI	FSE	VIBE
成像平面	轴位，矢状位	轴位，冠状位，矢状位	轴位	轴位，矢状位	轴位，冠状位，矢状位	轴位
TR (ms)	3 835，5 491	4 817，4 719，5 845	4.9	3 320，2 665	3 085，4 978，3 072	4.9
TE (ms)	86.8，72	125.7，122.9，119.1	1.1，2.4	58，57	100，100，92	1.2
层厚(mm)	4，3.5	4，4，3.5	2.6	4，4	4，4，4	2
层间距	1，0.6	1，1，0.6	-	0.4，0.4	0.4，0.5，1	-
视野(mm²)	220×220，240×120	220，240，240	380×380	240×240，260×260	240×240，300×300，230×230	240×240
矩阵(频率×相位)	128×128，128×64	320，384，384	320×320	80×80，88×85	344×344，332×332，288×288	200×199
NEX	-	2.5，2.5，2.5	1	-	1，1，1	2
b值(s/mm²)	50，1 000	-	-	0，1 000	-	-

参数	GE Healthcare			Siemens Healthcare
参数	DWI	T2WI	DCE	DWI	T2WI	DCE
成像技术	SS-EPI	PROPELLER	LAVA-Flex	SS-EPI	FSE	VIBE
成像平面	轴位，矢状位	轴位，冠状位，矢状位	轴位	轴位，矢状位	轴位，冠状位，矢状位	轴位
TR (ms)	3 835，5 491	4 817，4 719，5 845	4.9	3 320，2 665	3 085，4 978，3 072	4.9
TE (ms)	86.8，72	125.7，122.9，119.1	1.1，2.4	58，57	100，100，92	1.2
层厚(mm)	4，3.5	4，4，3.5	2.6	4，4	4，4，4	2
层间距	1，0.6	1，1，0.6	-	0.4，0.4	0.4，0.5，1	-
视野(mm²)	220×220，240×120	220，240，240	380×380	240×240，260×260	240×240，300×300，230×230	240×240
矩阵(频率×相位)	128×128，128×64	320，384，384	320×320	80×80，88×85	344×344，332×332，288×288	200×199
NEX	-	2.5，2.5，2.5	1	-	1，1，1	2
b值(s/mm²)	50，1 000	-	-	0，1 000	-	-

参数	患者（n=40）
年龄[岁，(±s)]	49.4±14.4
性别[例（%）]
男	35 (87.5)
女	5 (12.5)
病理类型[例（%）]
经典型	36 (90.0)
肠型	0
混合型	4 (10.0)
影像学分型[例（%）]
结节/肿块型	8 (20.0)
局部增厚型	7 (17.5)
结节增厚型	24 (60.0)
弥漫增厚型	1 (2.5)

参数	患者（n=40）
年龄[岁，(±s)]	49.4±14.4
性别[例（%）]
男	35 (87.5)
女	5 (12.5)
病理类型[例（%）]
经典型	36 (90.0)
肠型	0
混合型	4 (10.0)
影像学分型[例（%）]
结节/肿块型	8 (20.0)
局部增厚型	7 (17.5)
结节增厚型	24 (60.0)
弥漫增厚型	1 (2.5)

参数	病灶特点（n=40）
位置[例（%）]
膀胱三角区和/或膀胱颈	36（90.0）
膀胱其他侧壁	4（10.0）
T2WI分层样结构(即"水草漂浮征") [例（%）]
阳性（+）	29（72.5）
阴性（-）	11（27.5）
T2WI小囊泡征[例（%）]
阳性（+）	25（62.5）
阴性（-）	15（37.5）
DCE成像强化形态[例（%）]
表面线样强化	24（60.0）
均匀强化	16（40.0）
DCE成像强化程度[例（%）]
明显强化	37（92.5）
无或轻度强化	3（7.5）
DCE成像强化模式[例（%）]
渐进性强化	24（64.9）
早期持续性强化	13（35.1）
DWI [例（%）]
无或轻度弥散受限	36（90.0）
明显弥散受限	4（10.0）

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