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中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (03) : 273 -278. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2026.03.006

临床研究

基于CT角度界面和溢啤酒征对乏脂性肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤与肾透明细胞癌的鉴别
许颜浩1, 邓正根1, 张晓坡1,2, 甘卫东1,(), 郭宏骞1   
  1. 1210000 江苏,南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院泌尿外科
    2210000 江苏,南京医科大学临床医学院
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-04 出版日期:2026-06-01
  • 通信作者: 甘卫东
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省卫生健康委员会医学科研重点项目(ZD 2022013)

Differentiation of fat-poor renal angiomyolipoma from clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on CT features: angular interface and overflowing beer sign

Yanhao Xu1, Zhenggen Deng1, Xiaopo Zhang2, Weidong Gan1,(), Hongqian Guo1   

  1. 1Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210000, China
    2Nanjing Medical University Clinical College, Jiangsu 210000, China
  • Received:2026-01-04 Published:2026-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Weidong Gan
引用本文:

许颜浩, 邓正根, 张晓坡, 甘卫东, 郭宏骞. 基于CT角度界面和溢啤酒征对乏脂性肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤与肾透明细胞癌的鉴别[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(03): 273-278.

Yanhao Xu, Zhenggen Deng, Xiaopo Zhang, Weidong Gan, Hongqian Guo. Differentiation of fat-poor renal angiomyolipoma from clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on CT features: angular interface and overflowing beer sign[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Endourology(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(03): 273-278.

目的

评估基于CT形态学特征——溢啤酒征和角度界面,对乏脂性肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤(fpAML)与肾透明细胞癌(ccRCC)进行鉴别的价值。

方法

回顾性分析2019年1月至2024年12月于我院经病理证实的64例fpAML和195例ccRCC患者的临床及CT资料。所有患者肿瘤最大径均≤4 cm。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析筛选鉴别fpAML与ccRCC的独立预测因子。通过构建递进诊断模型,评估核心影像学特征的增量诊断价值,并建立最优联合诊断模型。

结果

多因素Logistic回归分析表明,溢啤酒征(OR=25.127)、非类圆形(OR=6.284)、女性(OR=3.445)和较小的肿瘤最大径(OR=0.534)是鉴别fpAML的独立预测因子(均P<0.05)。角度界面在单因素分析中差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001),但在多因素模型中未被纳入。在临床模型(模型1,AUC=0.817)基础上加入溢啤酒征后(模型2),模型效能显著提升(AUC=0.930,P<0.001)。整合所有独立预测因子的联合模型(模型3)获得了最佳诊断效能(AUC=0.940),且优于模型2(P=0.023)。

结论

溢啤酒征是鉴别fpAML与ccRCC最强的独立CT预测因子,整合了溢啤酒征、肿瘤形状、性别和肿瘤最大径的联合诊断模型,可为临床提供高效、可靠的术前鉴别依据。

Objective

To evaluate the value of computed tomography (CT) morphological features, especially the "overflowing beer sign" and "angular interface", in differentiating fat-poor angiomyolipoma (fpAML) from clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods

The clinical and CT data of 259 patients with pathologically confirmed fpAML (n=64) and ccRCC (n=195) at our hospital from January 2019 to December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. All tumors had a maximum diameter of ≤4 cm. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors for fpAML and ccRCC. Incremental diagnostic value of key imaging features was assessed by constructing progressive diagnostic models, and an optimal combined model was established.

Results

Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the overflowing beer sign (OR=25.127), non-round shape (OR=6.284), female gender (OR=3.445), and smaller maximum tumor diameter (OR=0.534) as independent predictors for fpAML (all P<0.05). The angular interface was significant in univariate analysis ( P<0.001) but was not included in the final multivariate model. Adding the "overflowing beer sign" (model 2) to the clinical model (model 1) (AUC=0.817) significantly improved its performance (AUC=0.930, P<0.001). The combined model (model 3) incorporating all independent predictors achieved the best diagnostic performance (AUC=0.940), which was superior to model 2 (P=0.023).

Conclusion

The "overflowing beer sign" is the most powerful independent CT predictor for differentiating fpAML from ccRCC. A combined model integrating the overflowing beer sign, tumor shape, gender, and maximum diameter can offer an efficient and reliable tool for preoperative differentiation.

图1 肾肿瘤CT图像上溢啤酒征和角度界面示意图注:a示肾肿瘤凸出部分与肾表面接触长度≥3 mm,溢啤酒征阳性(红线);b示将肿瘤实质部分的角度分为三个亚组(角度≤90°,角度>90°,圆形实质界面),角度界面定义为肾肿瘤在肾实质部分的角度≤90°(i)
表1 肾透明细胞癌(ccRCC)与乏脂性肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤(fpAML)患者一般资料比较
图2 反映溢啤酒征和角度界面的fpAML与ccRCC的典型CT图像注:a~c为3例不同的fpAML患者,展示了阳性的溢啤酒征(红线为示意性测量≥3 mm)和阳性的角度界面(红角为示意性测量≤90°);d~f为3例不同的ccRCC患者,红色箭头处显示肿瘤与肾表面呈钝角接触(溢啤酒征阴性),红色虚线处显示肿瘤肾内界面为圆形或角度>90°(角度界面阴性),且d、f图可见肿瘤内囊性变
表2 ccRCC与fpAML患者CT形态学特征比较[例(%)]
表3 鉴别fpAML与ccRCC的多因素Logistic回归分析结果
图3 fpAML三个诊断模型的ROC曲线
表4 fpAML不同诊断模型的诊断效能比较
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