To analyze expression of tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 1 (TPST1) in prostate cancer (PCa) tissues, and to explore its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis of PCa patients.

Data of 499 PCa patients were enrolled from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. The relationship between TPST1 mRNA and clinicopathological features, prognosis of PCa patients was analyzed. The expression of TPST1 protein in prostate tissue microarray (TMA) was detected by immunohistochemical SP method. And its relationship with clinicopathological features of PCa patients was analyzed.

The results of TCGA database showed that expression quantity of TPST1 was significantly correlated with age (P<0.05), while not significantly correlated with serum PSA, Gleason score, clinical T stage, lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis (P>0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that high expression rate of TPST1 protein in PCa tissues was significantly higher than that in non-prostate cance tissues [78.0%(39/50) vs 46.67%(14/30)] (P<0.05). TMA analysis results of TPST1 showed that expression quantity of TPST1 was not significantly correlated with age, tumor grade, Gleason score, clinical T stage, lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis (P>0.05). The results of Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of PCa patients from TCGA showed that biochemical recurrence-free survival and disease-free survival in TPST1 mRNA high-expression group were less than that in TPST1 mRNA low-expression group (P<0.05). The results of COX univariate and multivariate analysis showed that TPST1 was not an independent risk factor influencing survival prognosis of PCa patients.

TPST1 is highly expressed in PCa tissues. TPST1 high-expression indicates poor prognosis, which is not significantly correlated with clinical stage and lymph node metastasis of PCa patients. And it is not an independent risk factor influencing survival prognosis of PCa patients.