To summarize the clinical experiences in diagnosis and treatment of upper urinary tract stones in patients with hematologic malignancies.

The clinical data of 13 patients with upper urinary tract stones and hematologic malignancies from August 2016 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.

All the 13 patients were operated successfully without serious complications. There were 2 cases of upper urinary tract stones with diffuse large B cell lymphoma, 5 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 1 case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 2 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and 3 cases of mixed cellularity Hodgkin's lymphoma. Among them, 8 patients had back pain, fever, and lower urinary tract symptoms as the first symptoms, and 5 patients had upper urinary tract stones detected during hospitalization with hematologic malignancies. 7 patients were removed upper urinary tract stones with retrograde intrarenal surgery, 3 patients underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and 3 patients underwent ureteral stent placement (1 case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 2 cases of mixed cellularity Hodgkin's lymphoma). The postoperative follow-up period was 8-16 months (average 12.5 months). 3 patients with ureteral stent placement were returned to the hospital one year after surgery for replacement of the stent. The remaining patients showed no signs of stone recurrence or worsening symptoms.

The treatment of upper urinary tract stones in patients with hematologic malignancies is more difficult. It is necessary to combine the clinical characteristics of various hematologic malignancies and perioperative risks for specific evaluation. Intervention is necessary to ensure the safety of the operation and achieve the optimal diagnosis and treatment effect.