To observe the effect of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) with Y-shaped suction sheath under local anesthesia without retrograde intubation.

120 cases with single or simple multiple ureteral calculi from renal hilus or above the third lumbar transverse process were included, matched and divided into observation group (60 cases) and control group (60 cases). The observation group was treated with PCNL without retrograde intubation and Y-shaped negative pressure suction sheath under local anesthesia while control group experienced PCNL under general normal pressure sheath under spinal anesthesia. Then the differences between the two anesthesia and treatment modes were compared, including operative blood loss, duration of anesthesia and surgery, stone free rate, pain grading, postoperative feeding time and hospital stay, treatment costs and complication.

The anesthesia and operation time, postoperative feeding time and hospital stay and treatment cost of the observation group were significantly less than those of the control group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the operative blood loss, pain grading, stone free rate and complications between the two groups (P>0.05).

For patients with single or simple multiple stones in kidney and upper segment of ureter, PCNL with Y-shaped negative pressure suction sheath under local anesthesia without retrograde is better than PCNL under general normal pressure sheath under spinal anesthesia, which worth clinical application.