Interstitial cystitis (IC) is also known as bladder pain syndrome (BPS), which is a chronic condition characterized by bladder or pelvic pain, urinary frequency, and urgency, typically without evidence of infection. Its pathogenesis is complex and remains unclear. Current clinical treatments primarily involve behavioral interventions, medications, and minimally invasive surgeries, but long-term efficacy remains limited. In recent years, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a regenerative medicine therapy, has demonstrated significant efficacy through submucosal bladder injections or intravesical instillation. PRP promotes urothelial healing, alleviates bladder neuropathic pain, and exerts antibacterial effects, offering a safe and effective treatment option for IC patients unresponsive to conventional therapies. Multiple hospitals have now adopted PRP in clinical practice. This article elaborates on the key components, preparation methods, the mechanisms of PRP action, and the current status of PRP therapy for IC.