To explore the similarities and differences in clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of male and female cystitis glandularis.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 male and 135 female patients with cystitis glandularis admitted to the 980th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force. The patients were compared in terms of age of onset, disease duration, clinical manifestations, and classification under cystoscopy. Transurethral bladder lesion resection was performed on all patients, and the postoperative treatment effects and recurrence rates were compared between male and female patients.

The age of male patients with cystitis glandularis was (43± 9) years and the duration of the disease was 13.5(10.0, 17.8) months, while the age of female patients with cystitis glandularis was (54±11) years and the duration of the disease was 7.0(4.0, 12.0) months. There was a statistically significant difference in age and duration between the two groups (P<0.05). Under cystoscopy, there were 60 cases (75%) of high-risk male patients and 30 cases (22.2%) of high-risk female patients, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The postoperative recurrence rate in male patients was 36.3%(29/80), while in female patients it was 13.3%(18/135), with statistically significant differences (P<0.05).

Male cystitis glandularis has a younger onset age, longer disease course, more severe clinical symptoms, and often secondary hydronephrosis compared to females. The classification under cystoscopy is mainly follicular type, but male patients have larger follicles, wider and more severe lesions, and high-risk types are more common than females. The postoperative recurrence rate in males is significantly higher than that in females.