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中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (02) : 119 -124. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2023.02.005

临床研究

日间手术经皮肾镜碎石取石术安全性和疗效的Meta分析
张熙1, 赵星明1, 郭强1, 李承勇1, 郭超1, 奥泽宏1, 邢彦博1, 史豪英1, 郝川1,()   
  1. 1. 030001 太原,山西医科大学第二医院泌尿外科
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-05 出版日期:2023-04-01
  • 通信作者: 郝川
  • 基金资助:
    山西省卫生健康委科研课题(2018054)

Safety and efficacy of ambulatory surgery of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): a meta-analysis

Xi Zhang1, Xingming Zhao1, Qiang Guo1, Chengyong Li1, Chao Guo1, Zehong Ao1, Yanbo Xing1, Haoying Shi1, Chuan Hao1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
  • Received:2022-05-05 Published:2023-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Chuan Hao
引用本文:

张熙, 赵星明, 郭强, 李承勇, 郭超, 奥泽宏, 邢彦博, 史豪英, 郝川. 日间手术经皮肾镜碎石取石术安全性和疗效的Meta分析[J]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(02): 119-124.

Xi Zhang, Xingming Zhao, Qiang Guo, Chengyong Li, Chao Guo, Zehong Ao, Yanbo Xing, Haoying Shi, Chuan Hao. Safety and efficacy of ambulatory surgery of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): a meta-analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Endourology(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(02): 119-124.

目的

系统评价日间手术经皮肾镜碎石取石术(PCNL)的安全性及有效性。

方法

计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library、中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献(CBM)、万方和维普数据库,搜集国内外公开发表的有关日间PCNL的相关临床研究,检索时限均从建库至2022年2月,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行数据处理和荟萃分析。

结果

研究共纳入10篇文献共1 231例PCNL患者,Meta分析显示,相较于住院PCNL组,日间PCNL组在结石清除率(SFR) (OR=1.10,95%CI:0.72~1.68,P=0.65)、再住院率(OR=1.27,95%CI:0.58~2.78,P=0.55)、术后发热率(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.31~1.15,P=0.12)、术后血红蛋白下降值(MD=-1.19,95%CI:-2.89~0.51,P=0.17)方面差异无统计学意义。日间PCNL组在总体并发症率(OR=0.58,95%CI:0.41~0.82,P=0.002)、手术时间(MD=-8.68,95%CI,-14.48~-2.88,P=0.003)、术后输血率(OR=0.29,95%CI:0.12~0.71,P=0.007)、住院费用(SMD=-2.26,95%CI:-3.59~-0.93,P<0.001)方面存在优势。

结论

与常规住院手术比较,日间PCNL有稳定的结石清除率,手术时间短,术后恢复快。两者在术后并发症、再入院率方面差异无统计学意义。日间PCNL具有较好的安全性和临床疗效,其适应证和流程仍需进一步探索和规范。

Objective

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ambulatory surgery of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) through the method of systematic evaluation.

Methods

Databases such as PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, Wanfang Database and VIP from inception to February 2022 were searched to find out domestic and abroad published literature of ambulatory surgery of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The data were processed by software RevMan 5.3 for meta-analysis.

Results

A total of 1231 patients were included in 10 articles. Meta-analysis indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in stone-free rate (SFR) (OR=1.10, 95%CI: 0.72-1.68, P=0.65), readmission rate (OR=1.27, 95%CI: 0.58-2.78, P=0.55), postoperative fever rate (OR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.31-1.15, P=0.12), Hemoglobin drop(MD=?1.19, 95%CI: ?2.89-0.51, P=0.17) between the two groups. The ambulatory surgery percutaneous of nephrolithotomy (PCNL) group was more efficient than the inpatient surgery of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) group in overall complication rate(OR=0.58, 95%CI: 0.41-0.82, P=0.002), operative time(MD=?8.68min, 95%CI: ?14.48-?2.88, P=0.003), blood transfusion rate (OR=0.29, 95%CI: 0.12~0.71, P=0.007), hospitalization expense (SMD=?2.26, 95%CI: ?3.59-?0.93, P<0.001).

Conclusions

Compared with inpatient surgery PCNL group, the ambulatory PCNL group has stable stone-free rate, short operative time and rapid recovery. There is no significant difference in postoperative complications and readmission rate. The ambulatory PCNL can be performed relatively safely and effectively in patients who meet the indications, but the process still needs to be further explored and standardized.

图1 随机对照研究的偏倚风险图注:+为低偏倚风险,-为高偏倚风险
表1 纳入经皮肾镜日间手术及常规住院手术研究文献的基本特征
第一作者 年份 国家 病例来源年限 例数(aPCNL/iPCNL) 年龄(岁,aPCNL/iPCNL) P 性别(例,aPCNL/iPCNL) BMI(kg/m2,aPCNL/iPCNL) P
Kumar[5] 2016 印度 2014~2015 56/57 36.20±13.32/36.00±11.82 >0.05 33/31 23/26 - -
Fahmy[6] 2017 埃及 2011~2014 146/16 43/46 >0.05 92/11 54/5 31/31 >0.05
Bechis[7] 2018 美国 2015~2016 60/37 54.9±1.96/51.4±2.5 >0.05 27/12 33/25 27.8±1.2/27.9±1.5 >0.05
Zhao[8] 2019 中国 2017~2019 86/86 52.1±12/51.2±12 >0.05 48/45 38/41 23.9±3.7/23.7±3.5 >0.05
Schoenfeld[9] 2019 美国 2014~2016 47/47 53.0±9.8/53.3±14.4 >0.05 24/26 23/21 30.4±5.6/30.6±6.7 >0.05
王文祥[10] 2019 中国 2017~2018 35/48 42.6±10.8/41.45±12.46 >0.05 24/28 11/20 21.77±3.09/22.9±2.76 >0.05
Tian[11] 2020 中国 2017~2018 18/23 42.9±9.6/52.3±11.5 >0.05 14/15 4/8 - -
宣寒青[12] 2020 中国 2015~2019 287/75 49.5±11.5/51.9±12.8 >0.05 206/52 81/23 24.2±3.1/23.8±3.0 >0.05
杨登科[13] 2021 中国 2019~2019 30/35 41.70±10.39/43.17±13.08 >0.05 18/22 12/23 23.40±1.35/23.75±1.29 >0.05
Lee[14] 2022 美国 2020~2020 23/19 49.2±21.9/57.8±12.7 >0.05 12/8 11/11 30.4±27.0/30.0±6.7 >0.05
第一作者 年份 结石直径(mm,aPCNL/iPCNL) P 通道选择 随访时间 结局指标 NOS评分
Kumar[5] 2016 30.2±4.6/29.5±4.2 >0.05 标准PCNL 30 F 2周 ③④⑥⑦⑧ RCT
Fahmy[6] 2017 22.4±19.5/23.7±15.3 >0.05 标准PCNL 30 F 4周 ③④⑤⑦⑧ 7
Bechis[7] 2018 18.4±1.3/21.7±1.7 >0.05 标准PCNL 30 F 1月 ③④⑦⑧ 5
Zhao[8] 2019 33.0±18.3/34.0±16.3 >0.05 Mini-PCNL 14~22 F 3周 ①③④⑦⑧ 7
Schoenfeld[9] 2019 23.4±14.5/28.1±14.5 >0.05 标准PCNL 30 F 6周 ③④⑤⑧ 6
王文祥[10] 2019 1.74±0.20/1.68±0.29 >0.05 Ultra-mini PCNL 13 F 1月 ①②③④⑥⑦⑧ 7
Tian[11] 2020 19.2±7.2/27.4±9.4 >0.05 Mini-PCNL 16 F 2周 ①③④⑦⑧ 6
宣寒青[12] 2020 20.2±7.0/20.2±6.7 >0.05 Ultra-mini PCNL 13 F 2周 ①③④⑤⑦⑧ 7
杨登科[13] 2021 24.3±2.9/25.9±2.6 >0.05 Mini-PCNL 20 F 1月 ①③④⑥⑦⑧ 6
Lee[14] 2022 18.6±8.4/18.2±6.0 >0.05 Mini-PCNL 17.5 F/22 F标准PCNL 24/30 F 1月 ④⑤⑦⑧ 6
图2 日间PCNL组与常规住院PCNL组结石清除率Meta分析结果
图3 日间PCNL组与常规住院PCNL组的围手术期并发症发生率Meta分析结果
表2 日间PCNL安全性及手术疗效的Meta分析结果
图4 并发症发生率、结石清除率的漏斗图
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