输尿管破裂是体外冲击波碎石术后罕见且严重的并发症。本文报告一例输尿管上段结石行体外冲击波碎石术并发输尿管上段破裂的男性病例，通过置入输尿管支架持续减压、引流，患者症状好转，输尿管破裂处愈合完全，后经二次体外冲击波碎石术成功将结石粉碎排出。结合文献，本文讨论这一类罕见并发症的临床表现、发病机制和治疗方法。

Ureteral rupture is a rare and severe complication following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy（ESWL）.This article reports a case of a male patient who developed a ureteral rupture in the upper segment after undergoing ESWL for an upper ureteral stone.After treating with the placement of a ureteral stent for continuous decompression and drainage，the patient's symptoms were improved，and the rupture site was healed completely.Subsequently，a second session of ESWL successfully fragmented and expelled the stone.This article also discussed the clinical presentation，pathophysiology，and treatment options for this rare complication，in conjunction with a review of the literature.