切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (03) : 359 -364. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2025.03.013

临床研究

急诊行体外冲击波碎石术治疗输尿管结石临床疗效的影响因素分析
谭小东1, 代强1,2,(), 张瑾1, 黄鹏1, 张鑫1, 陈珊珊1, 朱红学1, 汪自力3   
  1. 1. 610504 四川,成都市新都区第三人民医院泌尿外科
    2. 610500 四川,成都医学院
    3. 610036 四川,成都大学附属医院泌尿外科
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-18 出版日期:2025-06-01
  • 通信作者: 代强
  • 基金资助:
    四川省成都市医学科研课题(2022380)

Analysis of factors influencing the clinical efficacy of emergency extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the treatment of ureteral calculi

Xiaodong Tan1, Qiang Dai1,2,(), Jin Zhang1, Peng Huang1, Xin Zhang1, Shanshan Chen1, Hongxue Zhu1, Zili Wang3   

  1. 1. Department of Urology, Third People's Hospital of Xindu District, Chengdu 610504, China
    2. Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
    3. Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610036, China
  • Received:2024-04-18 Published:2025-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Qiang Dai
引用本文:

谭小东, 代强, 张瑾, 黄鹏, 张鑫, 陈珊珊, 朱红学, 汪自力. 急诊行体外冲击波碎石术治疗输尿管结石临床疗效的影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(03): 359-364.

Xiaodong Tan, Qiang Dai, Jin Zhang, Peng Huang, Xin Zhang, Shanshan Chen, Hongxue Zhu, Zili Wang. Analysis of factors influencing the clinical efficacy of emergency extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the treatment of ureteral calculi[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Endourology(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(03): 359-364.

目的

分析探讨影响急诊行彩超引导下体外冲击波碎石术(ESWL)治疗输尿管结石疗效的多种因素。

方法

选择2020 年5 月至2022 年4 月成都市新都区第三人民医院的急诊输尿管或肾盂结石接受彩超引导下ESWL 患者1 139 例作为研究对象,成功随访患者988 例,其中输尿管结石929 例。根据碎石成功与否,分为两组,单因素及多因素分析影响急诊ESWL 疗效的因素。

结果

通过急诊行彩超引导下ESWL 治疗,输尿管结石碎石总成功率为80.41(747/929),一次碎石成功率73.18%。患者出现轻微肉眼血尿、皮肤皮下出血、肾绞痛等并发症,经过短期对症等处理后症状均消失。单因素分析提示输尿管结石大小、位置、CT 值以及从症状发作到接受碎石时间与碎石效果相关(P<0.05),但多因素分析仅提示结石CT 值是影响急诊ESWL 的独立因素(P<0.05)。

结论

输尿管结石急诊行彩超引导下体外冲击波碎石治疗是一种有效的无创治疗手段,结石CT 值是影响急诊碎石效果的关键因素。

Objective

To analyze the various factors affecting the efficacy of emergency ultrasound-guided extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in the treatment of ureteral calculi.

Methods

1 139 patients with emergency ureteral or pelevis calculi who underwent ultrasound-guided ESWL in the Third People's Hospital of Xindu District, Chengdu from May 2020 to April 2022 were selected.And 988 patients were successfully followed up, among them, 929 cases were ureteral calculi.Based on the success or failure of the ESWL, the patients were divided into two groups.Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the factors influencing the efficacy of emergency ESWL.

Results

The total success rate of ESWL was 80.41(747/929), and the one-time success rate of ESWL was 73.18%.Some of patients had mild gross hematuria, subcutaneous hemorrhage, renal colic and other complications, and the symptoms disappeared immediately after ESWL.Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in the size, location, CT value, and time from symptom onset to lithotripsis were associated with the efficacy of emergency ESWL (P<0.05), while multivariate analysis only showed statistically significant differences in CT value of calculi (P<0.05).

Conclusions

Emergency ESWL treatment is a safe and effective minimally invasive method.The CT value of calculi is important factor affecting the effect of lithotripsy.

表1 不同部位结石对碎石成功率的影响
表2 CT 值对碎石成功率的影响
表3 输尿管结石直径大小对碎石成功率的影响
表4 症状发作到碎石时间对碎石成功率的影响
表5 影响急诊体外碎石效果因素的Logistic 回归分析
变量 B SE Wald 自由度 P OR 95%的置信区间
下限 上限
性别(男=1、女=2)(1) 0.882 0.510 2.985 1 0.084 2.416 0.888 6.569
BMI值(kg/m2 -0.384 0.496 0.600 1 0.439 0.681 0.257 1.801
身高(cm) -0.116 0.149 0.604 1 0.437 0.890 0.665 1.193
体重(kg) 0.150 0.180 0.693 1 0.405 1.161 0.816 1.652
年龄(岁) -0.002 0.013 0.033 1 0.855 0.998 0.973 1.023
碎石时间(d) -0.003 0.004 0.613 1 0.434 0.997 0.990 1.004
第一次碎石 1.098 2 0.577
第二次碎石 -0.097 0.492 0.039 1 0.844 0.908 0.346 2.382
第三次碎石 -1.922 1.852 1.077 1 0.299 0.146 0.004 5.521
结石部位(上=1、中=2、下=3、肾盂=4) 0.315 3 0.957
结石部位(上=1、中=2、下=3、肾盂=4)(1) 0.062 0.453 0.019 1 0.891 1.064 0.438 2.588
结石部位(上=1、中=2、下=3、肾盂=4)(2) -0.064 0.295 0.047 1 0.829 0.938 0.526 1.673
结石部位(上=1、中=2、下=3、肾盂=4)(3) 0.535 1.173 0.208 1 0.648 1.707 0.171 17.005
结石部位2(左=1、右=2、膀胱=3) 0.928 2 0.629
结石部位2(左=1、右=2、膀胱=3)(1) 0.262 0.272 0.928 1 0.335 1.299 0.763 2.214
结石部位2(左=1、右=2、膀胱=3)(2) 20.212 40 192.970 <0.001 1 >0.999 599 542 972.400 <0.001
结石直径(mm) 0.008 0.159 0.002 1 0.961 1.008 0.738 1.376
结石表面积(mm2 -0.025 0.036 0.492 1 0.483 0.975 0.909 1.046
结石体积(mm3 -0.002 0.005 0.101 1 0.751 0.998 0.988 1.009
CT值(Hu) -0.010 0.001 157.431 1 <0.001 0.991 0.989 0.992
积水程度(按实际厘米计算) 0.098 0.194 0.252 1 0.616 1.102 0.753 1.614
合并症(有=1、无=2)(1) -0.380 0.334 1.295 1 0.255 0.684 0.355 1.316
既往病史(有=1、无=2)(1) -0.387 0.414 0.876 1 0.349 0.679 0.302 1.527
常量 30.768 24.817 1.537 1 0.215 23 032 887 500 000.000
[1]
Yoon JH, Park S, Kim SC, et al.Outcomes of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for ureteral stones according to ESWL intensity[J].Transl Androl Urol, 2021, 10(4): 1588-1595.DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1397.
[2]
Alexander Izrailevich N, Boris Alexandrovich N, Artem Vladimirovich E, et al.The use of intelligent analysis (IA) in determining the tactics of treating patients with nephrolithiasis[J].Urologia, 2023, 90(4): 663-669.DOI: 10.1177/03915603231162881.
[3]
Almeras C, Abid N, Meria P, et al.2022 recommendations of the AFU lithiasis committee: extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL)[J].Prog Urol, 2023, 33(14): 812-824.DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2023.08.011.
[4]
Basuguy E, Önen A, Azizoğlu M, et al.Effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in urolithiasis patients under 2 years of age[J].Cir Cir, 2023, 91(5): 620-626.DOI: 10.24875/CIRU.22000548.
[5]
许灵慧.超声引导下体外冲击波碎石术治疗泌尿系结石的有效性及安全性研究[J].中国临床药理学与治疗学, 2023, 28(9): 1081.Xu LH.Study on the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for the treatment of urinary stones [J].Chin J Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2023, 28(9): 1081.
[6]
Nakajima Y, Hashimoto K, Ogasawara T, et al.Open surgical hemostasis following transarterial embolization (tae) for renal injury after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (eswl): a case report[J].Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi, 2022, 113(2): 73-77.DOI: 10.5980/jpnjurol.113.73.
[7]
Piana A, Basile G, Masih S, et al.Kidney stones in renal transplant recipients: a systematic review[J].Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed), 2024,48(1): 79-104.DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2023.08.003.
[8]
Al-Hajjaj M, Tawosh A, Adam Bary AO, et al.A rare cause of urinary retention in A child: a case report[J].Urol Case Rep, 2023, 46:102328.DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102328.
[9]
Chen X, Chen J, Zhou X, et al.Is there a place for extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) in the endoscopic era?[J].Urolithiasis,2022, 50(3): 369-374.DOI: 10.1007/s00240-022-01307-4.
[10]
Malinaric R, Mantica G, Martini M, et al.The lifetime history of the first Italian public extra-corporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)lithotripter as a mirror of the evolution of endourology over the last decade[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2023, 20(5): 4127.DOI:10.3390/ijerph20054127.
[11]
Soleimani MJ, Shahrokh H, Soraki VV, et al.Investigating ESWL success rate in the treatment of renal and ureteral stones in children[J].Urologia, 2023, 90(3): 570-575.DOI: 10.1177/03915603231162663.
[12]
Akinci A, Akpinar C, Babayigit M, et al.Predicting ESWL success by determination of Hounsfield unit on non-contrast CT is clinically irrelevant in children[J].Urolithiasis, 2022, 50(2): 223-228.DOI:10.1007/s00240-022-01306-5.
[13]
Mosquera Seoane L, Ortiz Salvador JB, Budia Alba A, et al.Technological innovations in shock wave lithotripsy[J].Actas Urológicas Españolas Engl Ed, 2024, 48(1): 105-110.DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2023.09.001.
[14]
Wagenius M, Oddason K, Utter M, et al.Factors influencing stonefree rate of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL);a cohort study[J].Scand J Urol, 2022, 56(3): 237-243.DOI:10.1080/21681805.2022.2055137.
[15]
Panthier F, Kutchukian S, Ducousso H, et al.How to estimate stone volume and its use in stone surgery: a comprehensive review[J].Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed), 2024, 48(1): 71-78.DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2023.08.009.
[16]
Güler Y.Non-contrast computed tomography-based factors in predicting ESWL success: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Prog Urol, 2023, 33(1): 27-47.DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2022.09.015.
[17]
Setthawong V, Srisubat A, Potisat S, et al.Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) versus percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) or retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for kidney stones[J].Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2023, 8(8): CD007044.DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007044.pub4.
[18]
Rasheed Y, Nazim SM, Zakaria M, et al.Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) outcome based on CT scan and patient parameters using ESWL score[J].J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2023,33(2): 199-204.DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2023.02.199.
[19]
中国研究型医院学会冲击波医学委员会泌尿学组.体外冲击波碎石术专家共识[J/OL].泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2022, 14(1): 1-3,7.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7410.2022.01.001.Urology Group of Shock Wave Medicine Committee, Chinese Research Hospital Association.Expert consensus of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy [J/OL].J Urol Clin Electron Version, 2022,14(1): 1-3, 7.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7410.2022.01.001.
[20]
Sarkar D, Wakle DU, Pal DK.Efficacy of supine trans-abdominal pronated shock head ESWL for treatment of distal ureteric stones: a pilot study[J].Urologia, 2023, 90(1): 116-122.DOI:10.1177/03915603221091080.
[21]
Jiang P, Xie L, Arada R, et al.Qualitative review of clinical guidelines for medical and surgical management of urolithiasis:consensus and controversy 2020[J].J Urol, 2021, 205(4): 999-1008.DOI: 10.1097/JU.0000000000001478.
[22]
Ma JY, Pan P, He ZX, et al.A rare complication of ESWL for pancreatic stones[J].Am J Gastroenterol, 2022, 117(7): 1030.DOI:10.14309/ajg.0000000000001737.
[23]
Zhou Z, Dong C, Huang Y, et al.A patient with grade IV renal injury receiving twice extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) at intervals less than three days[J].Asian J Surg, 2022, 45(9): 1712-1714.DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.05.035.
[24]
Almeras C, Raynal G, Meria P, et al.2022 recommendations of the AFU lithiasis committee: objectives, results, residual stones and fragments[J].Prog Urol, 2023, 33(14): 893-900.DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2023.08.005.
[25]
Memmos D, Mykoniatis I, Sountoulides P, et al.Evaluating the usefulness of antibiotic prophylaxis prior to ESWL in patients with sterile urine: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Minerva Urol Nephrol, 2021, 73(4): 452-461.DOI: 10.23736/S2724-6051.20.04061-8.
[26]
Pereira-Arias JG, Gamarra-Quintanilla M, Urdaneta-Salegui LF, et al.Current status of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in urinary lithiasis[J].Arch Esp Urol, 2017, 70(2): 263-287.
[27]
Fenner A.Artificial intelligence implementation in ESWL[J].Nat Rev Urol, 2021, 18(6): 322.DOI: 10.1038/s41585-021-00475-z.
[1] 王源钊, 翁铭芳, 孙星慧. 输尿管上段结石体外冲击波碎石术后输尿管上段破裂一例报告[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(02): 240-242.
[2] 杜贵伟, 陆勇, 成博, 贺薏, 梁爽. 钬激光碎石术术后联合坦索罗辛治疗对输尿管结石患者的影响分析[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(05): 491-496.
[3] 李鑫, 邓相奎, 林昌永, 郭勇. 心脏起搏器/心律转复除颤器与体外冲击波碎石相关指南文献解读[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(04): 313-317.
[4] 王思成, 贾斌, 樊体武. 输尿管硬镜腔内操作"运镜八法"运用技巧及总结[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(02): 168-171.
[5] 徐慧新, 刘波, 唐立钧. 体外冲击波治疗>1 cm输尿管上段结石失败的预测模型建立[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 506-511.
[6] 伍学成, 李远伟, 袁武雄, 王建松, 石泳中, 卢强, 李卓, 陈佳, 刘哲, 滕伊漓, 高智勇. 炎症介质谱联合降钙素原在尿源性脓毒血症中的诊断价值[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(05): 476-480.
[7] 胡金科, 钟文. 妊娠期输尿管结石的处理与转归[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(04): 377-381.
[8] 汪帮琦, 张小明, 肖远松, 聂海波, 吕军, 王尉. 电切镜与输尿管镜在输尿管中下段结石并输尿管开口进镜困难中的应用[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(02): 157-159.
[9] 李晓山, 刘巍, 魏世平. 双J管-Folys导尿管捆绑复合体在输尿管镜钬激光碎石术中的应用[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(02): 154-156.
[10] 黄日欢, 曹浪泉, 刘思云. 经皮肾镜联合负压吸引鞘在治疗肾和输尿管上段结石中的应用[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(01): 54-57.
[11] 何海填, 罗锦斌, 曹石金, 曾灿, 汪洋, 王可兵, 狄金明, 高新. 6/7.5 F输尿管镜联合输尿管导管负压吸引治疗输尿管上段结石216例报告[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(03): 248-251.
[12] 邢亚平, 梁拓, 罗兵锋, 卢振权, 熊林. 半骨盆切除术后输尿管镜进镜困难一例报告[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(02): 186-187.
[13] 缪勋忠, 庞建, 胡峰, 唐观林. 同期输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗双侧上尿路结石[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(01): 77-80.
[14] 倪颖, 张铁龙, 王岗, 高玉龙, 陈韶鹏, 倪家璇. 未预置支架逆行输尿管镜治疗近端输尿管结石手术中的困难与应对[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(09): 795-801.
[15] 杨冰, 潘东亮, 晋连超, 周哲, 高鹏飞, 周赜, 张志宏, 李宁忱. 体外冲击波碎石对高密度输尿管结石治疗效果的影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2022, 16(04): 308-311.
阅读次数
全文


摘要