A case report of giant intraparenchymal renal artery aneurysm and literature review

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3253.2026.04.013

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective

To analyze the clinical and imaging features of a case of intraparenchymal renal artery aneurysm (IPRAA), aiming to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this rare disease.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on a case of IPRAA treated at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University in September 2025. The clinical diagnosis and treatment process were reviewed, and relevant literature was summarized.

Results

The IPRAA showed no typical clinical manifestations. On non-enhanced CT, a well-defined mass with slightly higher density was observed. After contrast enhancement, the mass showed heterogeneous enhancement in the corticomedullary phase, homogeneous in the nephrographic phase. The patient underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy, intraoperative ultrasound localization revealed blood flow turbulence within the tumor, and the turbulence ceased after renal artery occlusion. The lesion was considered as renal artery aneurysm, and the lesion was completely resected along the boundary of the tumor. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of renal artery aneurysm.

Conclusion

IPRAA is a rare arterial malformation that is easily misdiagnosed as a renal malignancy. Performing a biopsy on such a mass may result in uncontrollable bleeding. Contrast-enhanced CT alone is often insufficient for a definitive diagnosis, but Doppler ultrasound showing the characteristic of blood turbulence flow pattern can help clarify the diagnosis. Additionally, robot-assisted partial nephrectomy provides a reliable method for complete removal of the aneurysm, and the patient’s prognosis is favorable.

Key words: Intraparenchymal renal artery aneurysm, Rare disease, Partial nephrectomy, Imaging features

Hua Wang, Song Wei, Boran Lv, Boyu Liu, Ke Li, Cheng Hu. A case report of giant intraparenchymal renal artery aneurysm and literature review[J]. Chinese Journal of Endourology(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(04): 458-462.

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References 30

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