Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent malignant tumor of genitourinary system in elderly men in China, with its incidence rate increasing annually. Radiotherapy remains one of the primary treatment options for PCa, and advancements in precision radiotherapy technology are driving the development of more accurate, less toxic, and more efficient treatments. Despite the emergence of new therapies such as endocrine therapy, targeted therapy, and nuclear therapy, the role of radiotherapy continues to expand across different stages of PCa. Its clinical applications include radical radiotherapy in the localized stage, postoperative adjuvant or salvage radiotherapy and cytoreductive radiotherapy in the metastatic stage. This article reviews the role of radiotherapy at various stages of PCa and highlights the latest research developments, aiming to provide valuable insights for colleagues in the field of urologic oncology.