To investigate the safety and efficacy of presetting double J tube and using ureteroscopic lithotripsy combined with ureteral sheath in the treatment of renal pelvis calculi.

The clinical data of 78 cases of 2-3 cm renal pelvis calculi with mild hydronephrosis from January 2017 to January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. In group A, 18 patients were treated with presetting double J tube in phase I, ureteroscopic lithotripsy combined with ureteroscopic lithotripsy in phase II. In group B, 22 patients were treated with ureteroscopic lithotripsy.In group C, 38 patients were treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The operation time, stone clearance rate, hospitalization days, hospitalization cost, postoperative fever rate and bleeding rate were compared and analyzed.

All the operations were successfully completed. The operation time of group A was (95±14) min, group B (106±11) min, group C (88±15) min, there were significant differences between group B compared with group A and group C (P<0.05). The stone removal rate of stage I pyelolithiasis in group A was 77.78%, group B was 72.73%, and group C was 84.21%, the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). There were 2 cases of low fever and 0 case of high fever in group A, 5 cases of low fever and 3 cases of high fever in group B, 8 cases of low fever, 3 cases of moderate high fever in group C, the rate of postoperative fever in group A was lower than that in group B and group C, but the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The hospitalization days in group A were (2.61±0.61) d, in group B were (3.27±0.98) d, in group C were (4.58±1.08) d, and the hospitalization days in group A were significantly lower than that in group B and group C, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). In group C, there were 2 cases of bleeding, which were cured by conservative treatment.

For the patients with 2-3 cm renal pelvis calculi and mild hydronephrosis, presetting double J tube and using ureteroscopic lithotripsy combined with ureteral sheath is reliable, with the advantages of less trauma, fewer days in hospital and low incidence of complications.